Amino acid‐specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis reveals the trophic behavior of Icelandic fin whales in winter and suggests variable feeding strategies

Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) aggregate west of Iceland during summer, where they feed mostly on krill, but their winter distribution is poorly known. This study investigates the winter behavior of fin whales that summer off Iceland by analyzing amino acid‐specific nitrogen isotope ratios in th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine mammal science 2024-07, Vol.40 (3), p.n/a
Main Authors: Rita, Diego, Borrell, Asunción, Wodarg, Dirk, Víkingsson, Gísli, García‐Vernet, Raquel, Aguilar, Alex, Loick‐Wilde, Natalie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acid sequence
Amino acids
Aquatic mammals
Balaenoptera physalus
baleen plate
Baleens
Cetacea
compound specific isotope analysis
CSIA‐AA
Feeding behavior
Feeding habits
fin whale
Fins
Fish
Isotope ratios
Krill
Latitude
Marine crustaceans
Marine mammals
migration
Nitrogen
Nitrogen isotopes
Ocean circulation
Stable isotopes
Summer
trophic position
Upwelling
Vertebrates
Whales
Winter
Zooplankton
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Summary:Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) aggregate west of Iceland during summer, where they feed mostly on krill, but their winter distribution is poorly known. This study investigates the winter behavior of fin whales that summer off Iceland by analyzing amino acid‐specific nitrogen isotope ratios in the baleen plates. This technique is increasingly used in large marine vertebrates to discriminate between changes in trophic position and changes in isotopic baseline levels, while ruling out the effect of fasting on these patterns. Analyses were conducted on samples extracted from two baleen plate segments: one corresponding to winter, another to summer. The trophic position was higher and slightly more variable in winter (3.6 ± 0.7) than in summer (3.0 ± 0.4), which indicates that during winter fin whales tend to feed on fish and are more generalist in feeding habits. Interestingly, the δ15NPhe values were not lower in winter than in summer (winter: 5.2‰ ± 2.4‰; summer: 4.0‰ ± 2.1‰). This was unexpected because baseline δ15N values (e.g., zooplankton) tend to be lower at low latitudes, where fin whales are believed to spend the winter. Fin whales may remain in relatively high latitudes during winter or visit low‐latitude areas with locally higher than average δ15N values, such as upwelling areas.
ISSN:0824-0469
1748-7692
DOI:10.1111/mms.13097