Experimental study of electrical and dielectric properties of Cu0.6Mg0.2Co0.2FeCrO4 spinel ferrite

This paper investigates the physical properties of Cu 0.6 Mg 0.2 Co 0.2 FeCrO 4 spinel ferrite produced by the sol-gel method and calcined at 850 °C. Our specimen possesses a cubic structure with F d 3 ¯ m space group. We detect the presence of small amount of Fe 2 O 3 . Our sample exhibited lattice...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of sol-gel science and technology 2024-06, Vol.110 (3), p.859-874
Main Authors: Ben Makhlouf, Chaima, Bouzidi, Souhir, Gassoumi, Abdelaziz, Selmi, Ahmed, Hcini, Fakher, Hcini, Sobhi, Gassoumi, Malek
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carrier mobility
Ceramics
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Current carriers
Dielectric properties
Equivalent circuits
Frequency ranges
Glass
Grain boundaries
Grain size
Inorganic Chemistry
Lattice parameters
Materials Science
Morphology
Nanotechnology
Natural Materials
Nyquist plots
Optical and Electronic Materials
Original Paper
Physical properties
Polarons
Relaxation time
Roasting
Sol-gel processes
Spinel
Thermal analysis
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Summary:This paper investigates the physical properties of Cu 0.6 Mg 0.2 Co 0.2 FeCrO 4 spinel ferrite produced by the sol-gel method and calcined at 850 °C. Our specimen possesses a cubic structure with F d 3 ¯ m space group. We detect the presence of small amount of Fe 2 O 3 . Our sample exhibited lattice parameters where a , b , and c were all equal to 8.3506 Å, and the cell volume was 582.307 Å 3 . Then, the spectrum demonstrated good refinement analysis, with a χ 2 factor of 1.66. Subsequently, the Debye–Scherrer equation provided a grain size of 88.18 nm. However, the grain size determined by the Williamson-Hall method resulted was 96 nm. Morphological analysis indicated that our sample consists of micro-sized grains equal to 2.62 µm. The dielectric analysis was carried out from 300 to 600 K, while measurements were taken over a wide frequency range from 10 2 to 10 6  Hz. Examination of the relaxation time and AC conductivity revealed that the same charge carriers could be responsible for both the relaxation and conduction mechanisms. The increase in conductivity at high-frequency can be attributed to the influence of charge carrier mobility through different localized states. This force also promotes the release of confined charges from different trapping sites. The overlapping-large polaron tunneling (OLPT) and Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) models were utilized to clarify the observed conduction mechanism. Furthermore, at lower frequencies, the sample exhibited higher real impedance values. Then, as the frequency rose, the Z ′ values decreased because more charge entities were transported, leading to a reduction in the concentration of trapped electric charge. The changes observed in Z ″ suggest the emergence of the relaxation process. The Nyquist diagram was adjusted from 0 to 5 × 10 7 to understand the equivalent circuit in our system. Then, the conduction mechanism in the sample is influenced by the contributions of both grain and grain boundaries. At low frequencies, the ε ′ and ε ″ values showed a significant rise and gradually decreased with increasing frequency, indicating that the sample is suitable for high-frequency applications. The decrease in ε ′ and ε ″ values was more pronounced at lower frequencies than at higher frequencies. This behavior can be adequately explained using Maxwell and Wagner’s expression, which is in line with Koops’ theory, providing a coherent justification for the observed trends. The value of M ′ rose with frequency
ISSN:0928-0707
1573-4846
DOI:10.1007/s10971-024-06377-x