The analyses on the economic costs for achieving the nationally determined contributions and the expected global emission pathways

The Paris Agreement for a post-2020 international framework for tackling climate change was adopted in December 2015. The agreement requires that each country prepares and communicates nationally determined contributions (NDCs) every 5 years, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Evolutionary and institutional economics review 2017-06, Vol.14 (1), p.193-206
Main Authors: Akimoto, Keigo, Sano, Fuminori, Tehrani, Bianka Shoai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Climate change
Cost control
Developing countries
Economic activity
Economic growth
Economic theory
Economic Theory/Quantitative Economics/Mathematical Methods
Economics
Economics and Finance
Emissions
Energy
GDP
Greenhouse gases
Gross Domestic Product
History of Economic Thought/Methodology
Industrialized nations
Kyoto Protocol
LDCs
Linear programming
Paris Agreement
Per capita
Political Economy/Economic Systems
Social Policy
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Summary:The Paris Agreement for a post-2020 international framework for tackling climate change was adopted in December 2015. The agreement requires that each country prepares and communicates nationally determined contributions (NDCs) every 5 years, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. Most countries submitted NDCs before the Paris Agreement. According to our analyses using a global energy and GHG emission reduction assessment model, the emission reduction costs of the NDCs vary widely among countries; and those differences will induce carbon leakage, thus the expected global emission reduction is smaller than that predicted by simply aggregating the emission reductions of all the countries. Moreover, the emissions are larger than those required for the pathways leading to a high probability of temperature stabilization at below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. To fill the gap, a rigorous review process employing robust indicators measuring emission reduction efforts is crucial. However, the development and deployment of innovative technologies with cheaper costs is even more significant.
ISSN:1349-4961
2188-2096
DOI:10.1007/s40844-016-0049-y