Preparation, characterization and cooling performance of ZnO based Nanofluids

Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) were synthesized by the sol–gel method. These NPs were characterized for structural vibrational, morphological, optical, and electrical properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscop...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Discover Applied Sciences 2024-02, Vol.6 (3), p.92, Article 92
Main Authors: Hussain, Muzaffar, Ansari, M. A., Mir, Feroz A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
20th century
Absorption spectroscopy
Cooling
Crystal structure
Data analysis
Dielectric constant
Electrical properties
Electrodes
Energy gap
Fire prevention
Fourier transforms
Heat transfer
Infrared spectroscopy
Insulation
Metal oxides
Mineral oils
Nanofluids
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Optical properties
Particle size
Physical properties
Polyethylene glycol
Polyvinyl alcohol
Scanning electron microscopy
Sol-gel processes
Structural analysis
X-ray diffraction
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxides
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Summary:Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) were synthesized by the sol–gel method. These NPs were characterized for structural vibrational, morphological, optical, and electrical properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV–Visible optical absorption spectroscopy, and dielectric spectroscopy. Structural analysis confirms that all the NPs have a single-phase rutile tetragonal structure. Also from the Scherer formula, the average particle size for this compound was found to be around 10.25 nm. From SEM images, the observed NPs are spherical in shape, with an average size ranging from 10 to 100 nm. FT-IR data indicates a Zn–O vibrational bond and confirms the ZnO structure. Further, according to the optical data analysis, these NPs show an optical band gap of around 3.27 eV and follow an indirect transition. The dielectric constant (ε r ) and loss constant (ε) show good dispersion with the applied frequency. Also using these NPs, a nanofluid in transformer oil (mineral oil) was prepared. Further ε r & ε i shows good variation with the contents of NPs in the mineral oil. This nanofluid was tested for the cooling of transformers and shows some encouraging results. Based on these results, this material seems like a good candidate for transformer insulation and cooling applications.
ISSN:3004-9261
2523-3963
3004-9261
2523-3971
DOI:10.1007/s42452-024-05705-8