Assessment of the potential for dredged material dispersal from dumping sites in the Gulf of Gdańsk

Purpose Environment-friendly management of sites used for disposal of locally generated sedimentary material involves designation of an optimal dumping site location which will render the dredged material re-usable for beneficial purposes. The objective of this research was to determine whether wind...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of soils and sediments 2018-12, Vol.18 (12), p.3437-3447
Main Authors: Cieślikiewicz, Witold, Dudkowska, Aleksandra, Gic-Grusza, Gabriela, Jędrasik, Jan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bed load
Bottom sediments
Computation
Computer simulation
Current velocity
Dispersal
Dredged materials
Dredging
Dumping
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental management
Environmental Physics
Extreme weather
Hydrodynamics
IASWS 2017: The Interactions Between Sediments and Water
Ocean dumping
Offshore
Sediment
Sediment transport
Sediments
Site location
Soil Science & Conservation
Storms
Transport
Wave action
Wave dispersion
Wind
Wind fields
Wind speed
Winds
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Summary:Purpose Environment-friendly management of sites used for disposal of locally generated sedimentary material involves designation of an optimal dumping site location which will render the dredged material re-usable for beneficial purposes. The objective of this research was to determine whether wind, waves, and currents can induce transport of sediment from offshore dumping sites located at intermediate depths in the southern Baltic. Materials and methods The problem was addressed by exploring potential sediment transport from two sites located in the Gulf of Gdańsk at depths of about 20 m. A total of 29 combinations of hydrodynamic variables, representing the most extreme possible situations in the area, including eight theoretical uniform wind fields over the entire Baltic Sea from the W, NW, N, NE, E, SE, S, and SW sectors, the wind speed of 30 m s −1 , as well as 21 historical extreme storms, retrieved from the HIPOCAS project database, were used. Results and discussion The bottom velocities resulting from waves and currents at the dumping sites considered were computed using wave models (WAM, SWAN) and the M3D hydrodynamic model (based on the POM model). To estimate the velocities critical for bedload transport, formulae developed by Soulsby ( 1997 ) and Sawamoto and Yamashita (Proc Coastal Sediments 87:415–423, 1987 ) were used. The volumetric bedload transport was computed based on Meyer-Peter and Müller ( 1948 ). The model simulations demonstrated that, for the storm conditions analyzed, the current velocity in the area of the two dumping sites would be so low that it would practically not affect the magnitude of the bottom sediment transport. Thus, the resultant volume of bedload transported would be equal to that generated by the wave action. For the heaviest historical storm, the maximum transport is about 3 × 10 −5  m 2  s −1 . Conclusions Under conditions of theoretical storms, the bottom orbital velocities would be higher and the resultant sediment transport would reach almost 7 × 10 −5  m 2  s −1 for northerly winds. However, this value is still very low compared with the volume of sediment being dumped. The findings of this study may prove useful in designation of future dumping sites.
ISSN:1439-0108
1614-7480
DOI:10.1007/s11368-018-2066-4