Macrofauna abundance, species diversity and turnover at three sites in the Clipperton-Clarion Fracture Zone

The fauna of three sites in the Clipperton-Clarion Fracture Zone Region of the North Pacific Ocean were evaluated as part of multiple programs supported by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. These localities (Site A in the west and Site C and a prospective reserve area 2893–2561...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine biodiversity 2017-06, Vol.47 (2), p.323-347
Main Author: Wilson, George D. F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
CCZ Biodiversity
Clay
Deep sea
Deep water
Dispersal
Fauna
Fracture zones
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Isopoda
Life Sciences
Macrofauna
Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Polychaeta
Productivity
Sediments
Similarity
Soil erosion
Species diversity
Tanaidacea
Topography
Zoobenthos
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Summary:The fauna of three sites in the Clipperton-Clarion Fracture Zone Region of the North Pacific Ocean were evaluated as part of multiple programs supported by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. These localities (Site A in the west and Site C and a prospective reserve area 2893–2561 km to the east) cover the range of depths and productivity observed for the region. Macrofauna densities varied with productivity, with Site A with the lowest densities and the reserve area with the highest densities. Species diversities of Polychaeta, Isopoda and Tanaidacea showed differing trends compared to export productivity, using a bootstrapped lognormal method to estimate total species. Polychaeta had the highest estimated species at the high-productivity reserve site and the lowest values at the low-productivity site A. Tanaidacea had a similar trend to that of the polychaetes. Isopoda showed an opposite species–productivity trend, with highest estimated species at the low-productivity site A and lowest values at the high-productivity reserve site. Polychaetes were most similar between sites, while isopod similarities were low. Tanaid similarities between sites A and C resembled the polychaetes value. Species turnover for isopods was high, but much less so for polychaetes and tanaids, and may be related to the dispersal potential for each taxocene. Beta diversity predicts that the average isopod species in the CCFZ has a range of approximately 2200 km 2 while a polychaete species range might exceed 10,000 km 2 . Data from a single taxocene cannot be used as a proxy for the entire deep-sea fauna because each group has its own ecological and evolutionary responses, as well as its own history.
ISSN:1867-1616
1867-1624
DOI:10.1007/s12526-016-0609-8