Predictors of Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: What Can Be Used Now and What Hope Is in the Future

Purpose of Review Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained arrhythmia affecting over 30 million patients worldwide with astronomical figures for progression over the next few decades. In this comprehensive review, we have sought to accumulate the factors that determine outcomes of AF...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current cardiovascular risk reports 2020-09, Vol.14 (9), p.11, Article 11
Main Authors: Mehra, Nandini, Kowlgi, Gurukripa N., Deshmukh, Abhishek J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
African Americans
Age
Arrhythmias (J. Bunch
Body mass index
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Catheters
Females
Heart failure
Hypertension
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mortality
Obesity
Patients
Risk factors
Section Editor
Sleep apnea
Stroke
Success
Topical Collection on Arrythmias
Weight control
Women
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Summary:Purpose of Review Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained arrhythmia affecting over 30 million patients worldwide with astronomical figures for progression over the next few decades. In this comprehensive review, we have sought to accumulate the factors that determine outcomes of AF. Recent Findings Patient factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity have a vital impact on the incidence and progression of AF, including outcomes of catheter ablation. While the above are non-modifiable, we also provide detailed associations of potentially modifiable comorbidities such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, conduction system disorders, and substance abuse with AF. Beyond patient factors, some parameters related to the AF itself can determine outcomes—such as duration of AF, whether it is paroxysmal or persistent AF and certain critical electrocardiographic patterns that suggest a higher risk of AF recurrence. Imaging modalities such as echocardiography, computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance provide invaluable insights into the progression of AF. Summary We describe the various pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for AF management with a peek at some futuristic approaches. While each one of these variables could lend themselves for a separate review, we attempted to provide an overview of the most critical predictors of AF outcomes to equip the readers with the latest know-how of the management of AF.
ISSN:1932-9520
1932-9563
DOI:10.1007/s12170-020-00645-5