Quantum secure direct communication with entanglement source and single-photon measurement

Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) transmits information directly over a quantum channel. In addition to security in transmission, it avoids loopholes of key loss and prevents the eavesdropper from getting ciphertext. In this article, we propose a QSDC protocol using entangled photon pairs....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science China. Physics, mechanics & astronomy mechanics & astronomy, 2020-11, Vol.63 (11), p.110311, Article 110311
Main Authors: Yang, Lu, Wu, JiaWei, Lin, ZaiSheng, Yin, LiuGuo, Long, GuiLu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Analysis
Astronomy
Atoms
Classical and Continuum Physics
Encryption
Error analysis
Information management
Investment analysis
Lower bounds
Measurement
Numerical analysis
Observations and Techniques
Photons
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Protocol
Security
Signal to noise ratio
Wiretapping
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Summary:Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) transmits information directly over a quantum channel. In addition to security in transmission, it avoids loopholes of key loss and prevents the eavesdropper from getting ciphertext. In this article, we propose a QSDC protocol using entangled photon pairs. This protocol differs from existing entanglement-based QSDC protocols because it does not perform Bell-state measurement, and one photon of the entangled pair is measured after the entanglement distribution. It has the advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio due to the heralding function of entanglement pairs, and it also has the relative ease in performing single-photon measurement. The protocol can use a practical entanglement source from spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC); Gottesman-Lo-Lütkenhaus-Preskill theory and the decoy state method give a better estimate of the error rate. Security analysis is completed with Wyner’s wiretap channel theory, and the lower bound of the secrecy capacity is estimated. Numerical simulations were carried out to study the performance of the protocol. These simulations demonstrated that the protocol with a practical SPDC entanglement source performed well and was close to the case with an ideal entanglement source.
ISSN:1674-7348
1869-1927
DOI:10.1007/s11433-020-1576-y