Integrating 2D Materials and Plasmonics on Lithium Niobate Platforms for Pulsed Laser Operation at the Nanoscale

The current need for coherent light sources for integrated (nano)photonics motivates the search for novel laser designs emitting at technologically relevant wavelengths with high‐frequency stability and low power consumption. Here, a new monolithic architecture that integrates monolayer MoS2 and cha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Laser & photonics reviews 2024-01, Vol.18 (1), p.n/a
Main Authors: Ramírez, Mariola O., Molina, Pablo, Hernández‐Pinilla, David, López‐Polín, Guillermo, Ares, Pablo, Lozano‐Martín, Lidia, Yan, Han, Wang, Yan, Sarkar, Soumya, Al Shuhaib, Jinan H., Leardini, Fabrice, Gómez‐Herrero, Julio, Chhowalla, Manish, Bausá, Luisa E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2D materials
Coherent light
Frequency stability
Light modulation
Light sources
Lithium Niobate
Lithium niobates
Molybdenum disulfide
Monolayers
MoS2
nanolasers
Nanoparticles
Photonics
plasmonic chain
Plasmons
Power consumption
Pulse duration
Pulsed lasers
Quantum computing
Q‐switch
rare earth emitters
Silver
Two dimensional materials
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Summary:The current need for coherent light sources for integrated (nano)photonics motivates the search for novel laser designs emitting at technologically relevant wavelengths with high‐frequency stability and low power consumption. Here, a new monolithic architecture that integrates monolayer MoS2 and chains of silver nanoparticles on a rare‐earth (Nd3+) doped LiNbO3 platform is developed to demonstrate Q‐switched lasing operation at the nanoscale. The localized surface plasmons provided by the nanoparticle chains spatially confine the gain generated by Nd3+ ions at subwavelength scales, and large‐area monolayer MoS2 acts as saturable absorber. As a result, an ultra‐compact coherent pulsed light source delivering stable train pulses with repetition rates of hundreds of kHz and pulse duration of 1 µs is demonstrated without the need of any voltage‐driven optical modulation. Moreover, the monolithic integration of the different elements is achieved without sophisticated processing, and it is compatible with LiNbO3‐based photonics. The results highlight the robustness of the approach, which can be extended to other 2D materials and solid‐state gain media. Potential applications in communications, quantum computing, or ultra‐sensitive sensing can benefit from the synergy of the materials involved in this approach, which provides a wealth of opportunities for light control at reduced scales. Self‐Q switched nanolasing is demonstrated by developing a compact monolithic solid‐state laser platform. The device combines the optical gain delivered by Nd3+:LiNbO3 crystal, the extreme spatial confinement supplied by plasmonic Ag nanoparticle chains, and the temporal control provided by a single layer MoS2 acting as a saturable absorber. Stable and high‐quality short laser pulses are achieved at the nanoscale.
ISSN:1863-8880
1863-8899
DOI:10.1002/lpor.202300817