Transfer of industrial contaminants from the inner to the outer region of Sepetiba Bay (SE Brazil) by dredge spoil dumping activities: a temporal record

A multiproxy approach involving grain size, geophysical (resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and P-wave velocity), mineralogical (XRD), and geochemical (elemental, stable isotopes) data has been applied to core SP9 (128 cm long) to reconstruct natural and anthropogenic changes since ≈1850 AD (anno...

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Published in:Environmental earth sciences 2023-12, Vol.82 (23), p.560, Article 560
Main Authors: Saibro, Murilo Barros, Martins, Maria Virgínia Alves, Guerra, Josefa Varela, Figueira, Rubens Cesar Lopes, de Castro Figueiredo Simões, Felipe, Dadalto, Tatiana Pinheiro, Trevizani, Tailisi Hoppe, de Lima Ferreira, Paulo Alves, Silva, Cleverson Guizan, dos Reis, António Tadeu, Terroso, Denise, da Silva, Layla Cristine, Bergamaschi, Sergio, Rocha, Fernando, Heilbron, Monica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
Anthropogenic changes
Anthropogenic factors
Biogeosciences
Bottom trawling
Cadmium
Chemical composition
Climatic cycles
Contaminants
Contamination
Dredge spoil
Dredging
Dumping
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Environmental degradation
Environmental risk
Environmental Science and Engineering
Eutrophication
Geochemistry
Geology
Geophysical data
Geophysics
Grain size
Human influences
Hydrology/Water Resources
Industrial pollution
Isotopes
Lead isotopes
Magnetic permeability
Magnetic susceptibility
Metals
Mineralogy
Nutrients
Ocean dumping
Organic matter
Original Article
Oscillations
Oxygen
Oxygen depletion
P waves
Principal components analysis
Salinity variations
Sediment
Sediments
Seismic wave velocities
Spoil
Spoil disposal
Stable isotopes
Statistical analysis
Statistical methods
Terrestrial Pollution
Titanium dioxide
Wave velocity
Zinc
Zirconium
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Summary:A multiproxy approach involving grain size, geophysical (resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and P-wave velocity), mineralogical (XRD), and geochemical (elemental, stable isotopes) data has been applied to core SP9 (128 cm long) to reconstruct natural and anthropogenic changes since ≈1850 AD (anno domine) (dating by 210 Pb and 127 Cs methods) in a distal region of Sepetiba Bay (SB), Rio de Janeiro State (SE Brazil). The analyzed core is a fine-grained sedimentary sequence (except its upper 20 cm). It comprises detrital particles derived from felsic and intermediate source rocks, as suggested by the fields defined by the biplot Zr vs TiO 2 and the Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 ratios. Despite the increase in particle size at the top of the core, there was a progressive increase in the organic matter and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contents and nutrients such as N and P. The geophysical data allowed us to identify the presence of subsurface (biogenic) gas, which suggests the occurrence of eutrophication processes in the study area despite its location in the outer region of the bay. Core SP9 records cyclical changes over the last ≈170 years in the mineralogical and elemental composition of the sediments and type of organic matter supplied to the bottom. These changes are associated with phases of more significant oceanic influence, salinity variations in the study area, and greater or lesser oxygen depletion in the sediment. These changes may have resulted from climatic oscillations or variations in the configuration and extension of the Ponta da Pombeba spit. The extent of this structure and the anthropic activities have contributed to the contamination of this area since 1975 AD. However, statistical analyses (Pearson correlations and principal components analysis) suggest that the transport and accumulation of PTEs (mainly Cd and Zn) did not strictly follow the general pattern of sedimentary dynamics prevailing in the studied area. Results indicate that this area became strongly polluted by Cd and Zn and with high ecological risk due to dredging and spoil disposal activities at sites close to the study area. It is noted that the environmental degradation reached higher levels here than in areas close to the primary source of the metals, the disabled Ingá Mercantil Company, in Madeira Island. This work demonstrates the temporal effect of dredge disposal activities in a distal region of Sepetiba Bay for the first time. It is a strong indicator that dredged spoil
ISSN:1866-6280
1866-6299
DOI:10.1007/s12665-023-11259-6