Effect of Metallic Nanoparticles and Ions on Seeds Germinating Under Cadmium Stress

Cadmium contamination of soil and water as a result of industrialization and inappropriate agricultural practices is a global problem. As Cd is a toxic and carcinogenic element, its uptake into crops and transfer to the food chain poses serious health risks. Nanoparticles (NPs) are considered as pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of plant growth regulation 2023-12, Vol.42 (12), p.7749-7758
Main Authors: Landa, Premysl, Petrova, Sarka, Dytrych, Pavel, Kupcik, Jaroslav, Motkova, Katerina, Soudek, Petr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Agricultural practices
Agriculture
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cadmium
Carcinogens
Chemical speciation
Elongation
Environmental impact
Fertilizers
Food chains
Food contamination
Health risks
Ions
Iron oxides
Life Sciences
Manganese dioxide
Manganese ions
Mustard
Nanoparticles
pH effects
Plant Anatomy/Development
Plant Physiology
Plant Sciences
Seedlings
Seeds
Silver
Soil contamination
Soil pollution
Soil stresses
Soil water
Titanium dioxide
Zinc
Zinc oxide
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Summary:Cadmium contamination of soil and water as a result of industrialization and inappropriate agricultural practices is a global problem. As Cd is a toxic and carcinogenic element, its uptake into crops and transfer to the food chain poses serious health risks. Nanoparticles (NPs) are considered as promising materials for agriculture, which can be used as fertilizers, growth promoters, or to reduce negative environmental impacts. Therefore, the effect of Ag, Fe 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , TiO 2 , and ZnO NPs on the root elongation and Cd accumulation in germinating white mustard under cadmium stress was investigated in this study. The efficiency of NPs was compared with the effect of Ag + , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions. Amelioration of Cd stress (Cd reduced root length to 46.9% of the control) was provided by ZnO NPs (root length restored to 76.5% of the control) and Zn 2+ ions (56.7% of the control) at pH 8, while at pH 6 mainly ionic Zn 2+ was toxic. Ag NPs (root length 107.7 and 129.6% of the control at pH 8 and pH 6, respectively) and Ag + ions (157.5% and 137.6% of the control at pH 8 and pH 6, respectively) increased root elongation of seedlings unexposed to Cd and to some extent (insignificantly) under Cd stress as well. The reduction of Cd uptake into the seedlings in the presence of ZnO NPs and Zn 2+ ions from 28.30 to 19.57 and to 23.04 µg/g DW at pH 8, respectively, and from 33.29 to 28.30 and to 25.90 µg/g DW at pH 6, respectively, was probably responsible for the protective effect of these substances. Other materials tested did not significantly affect the root growth under Cd stress, nor did they reduce Cd accumulation in the seedlings as well. The role of the chemical species was more decisive than the role of its form. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:0721-7595
1435-8107
DOI:10.1007/s00344-023-11049-1