KTAH: DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A PERISTALTIC TOTAL ARTIFICIAL HEART

Objectives: Heart failure affects 64.3 million people worldwide, with around 23 million suffering from the end-stage condition. Lack of heart donations motivates the development of total artificial hearts. KTaH total artificial heart is a novel peristaltically driven device that can work in both non...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of artificial organs 2023-07, Vol.46 (7), p.442
Main Authors: Bourdin, P, Candela, Celdrán A, Eysteinsdóttir, M, Penacho, Riveiros A, Jóhannsson, S, Bonato, R, Rosato, A, Perra, E, Andrikopoulos, G, Dual, SA
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aorta
Artificial organs
Atria
Biocompatibility
Blood
Cardiac output
Cell size
Congestive heart failure
Design
Driving ability
Equilibrium flow
Finite element method
Flow profiles
Heart
Mathematical models
Natural flow
Rollers
Silicones
Simulation
Three dimensional printing
Velocity
Velocity distribution
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Summary:Objectives: Heart failure affects 64.3 million people worldwide, with around 23 million suffering from the end-stage condition. Lack of heart donations motivates the development of total artificial hearts. KTaH total artificial heart is a novel peristaltically driven device that can work in both non-pulsatile and pulsatile modes. KTaH is composed of two compliant silicone-based chambers, enclosed inside a stable 3D printed case. Each chamber replaces native atria and ventricles. A motor between the soft chambers rotates driving four rollers that propel the blood forward by the compression of the chambers. KTaH aims at reducing shear-stress and consequent blood trauma thanks to low rotational speeds (18 - 75 rpm) and soft-biocompatible blood-contacting surfaces. The goal is to present numerical results of the expected flows achievable with the proposed design, aimed at a cardiac output of 5 L/min. Methods: An analytical relationship between the KTaH operational parameters and the average flow was estimated, resulted from an ideal estimated chamber volume of 140 mL, speed of the rollers of 19 rpm and setting the chambers to empty twice per complete rotation of the motor. In the attempt of validating the analytical results, a 3D numerical simulation was carried out in Simscale. A mesh composed of 251885 cells was used, with a mean cell volume of 0.24 mm3. Results: Analytically, the average flow was 5.32 L/min. Simulation shows a velocity profile similar to that of the expected output in a native aorta with a peak velocity of 1 m/s and a mean steady state flow of 5 L/min. Conclusions: Preliminary results show the potential of KTaH to achieve natural flow profiles and compact design with adaptable chamber size. Further work will focus on developing the physical prototype and its evaluation under different physiological conditions using a Hybrid Mock Loop.
ISSN:0391-3988
1724-6040