Phenoloxidases from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon): gene expression and activity distribution in different tissues

  In this study, the expression of four reference genes ( β-actin , EF1-α , GAPDH , and SubF0 ), two prophenoloxidase genes ( proPO1 and proPO2 ), and the distribution of phenoloxidase (PO) activity in eight tissues (carapace, cuticle, hemolymph, hepatopancreas, muscle, pereiopods, pleopods, and uro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture international 2023-06, Vol.31 (3), p.1423-1437
Main Authors: Phan, Hong-Nhung T., Nguyen, Hong-Loan T., Dinh, Tuan-Hung, Le, Ngoc T., Vu, Ha-Giang, Phan, Tuan-Nghia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actin
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carapace
Distribution
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Gene expression
Genes
Hepatopancreas
Life Sciences
Penaeus monodon
Tissue
Tissues
Zoology
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Summary:  In this study, the expression of four reference genes ( β-actin , EF1-α , GAPDH , and SubF0 ), two prophenoloxidase genes ( proPO1 and proPO2 ), and the distribution of phenoloxidase (PO) activity in eight tissues (carapace, cuticle, hemolymph, hepatopancreas, muscle, pereiopods, pleopods, and uropods) of black tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon ) were evaluated. According to the geNorm and NormFinder algorithms, the most stable reference gene or the best combinations of reference genes for the evaluation of proPO1 and proPO2 expression are SubF0 for cuticle, muscle, and uropods, EF1-α for hemolymph and pereiopods, EF1-α  +  SubF0 for carapace, β-actin  +  SubF0 for hepatopancreas, and β-actin  +  GAPDH for pleopods. In the hemolymph and uropods, proPO1 expression was significantly stronger than that of proPO2 (433 and 5 times higher, respectively). However, in hepatopancreas, proPO2 expression was significantly stronger than proPO1 (36 times higher). Trypsin cleaves the proPO zymogen into active PO in most of the studied tissues, except hepatopancreas. PO activity (units/mg protein) following trypsin activation varied among the tissues in the following order: uropods > hemolymph > pleopods > pereiopods > hepatopancreas > carapace > cuticle > muscle. The results indicate that proPO1 is dominant in hemolymph, whereas proPO2 is dominant in hepatopancreas. Altogether, these results contribute to the elucidation of the phenoloxidase function in P. monodon .
ISSN:0967-6120
1573-143X
DOI:10.1007/s10499-022-01033-z