Advances in the Theory and Modeling of Linear Beam VE Amplifiers

We present an overview of the progress made by our Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)-based group over the last 25 years in the development of computational tools used in the large-signal modeling and design of linear-beam vacuum electronic (VE) amplifiers, klystrons, and traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on electron devices 2023-06, Vol.70 (6), p.2680-2692
Main Authors: Antonsen, Thomas M., Chernyavskiy, Igor A., Chernin, David, Vlasov, Alexander N., Levush, Baruch
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Circuits
Codes
Electron tubes
Impedance
Impedance matrix
Integrated circuit modeling
Klystron
Klystrons
large-signal algorithms
linear-beam amplifiers
Mathematical models
numerical methods
Optimization
parametric beam–wave interaction (PBWI) codes
RLC circuits
Software
Solid modeling
Stability analysis
Traveling wave tubes
Traveling waves
traveling-wave tube (TWT)
Wave interaction
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Summary:We present an overview of the progress made by our Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)-based group over the last 25 years in the development of computational tools used in the large-signal modeling and design of linear-beam vacuum electronic (VE) amplifiers, klystrons, and traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). These tools belong to a class of codes that we call parametric beam-wave interaction (PBWI) codes, which includes family of the codes CHRISTINE and TESLA. Notable progress includes the formulation and application of an impedance matrix description of a general class of slow wave circuits, the tracking of slow or reversed particles in klystrons, parallel modeling of multiple-beam devices, linear stability analysis based on Nyquist theory, and geometrical and electrical tolerance analysis and optimization based on solutions to the adjoint equations that govern the beam-wave interaction. The impedance matrix description, in particular, has allowed the detailed effects of circuit geometry, including complex terminations, matching sections, and severs, to be included in PBWI simulations for the first time.
ISSN:0018-9383
1557-9646
DOI:10.1109/TED.2023.3234520