Photocatalytic Activity of Ag/AgCl/ZrO2@Biochar Composite for Rhodamine B and Methyl Orange Dyes

Ag/AgCl/ZrO 2 @Biochar composites were synthesized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectra, photoluminescence spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The photocatalytic degradation study was investigated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2023-04, Vol.97 (4), p.633-646
Main Authors: Li, Xiao-fang, Li, Rui-xian, Feng, Xiao-qiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalytic activity
Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Dyes
Electron transitions
Emission spectra
Field emission microscopy
Holes (electron deficiencies)
Irradiation
Particulate composites
Photocatalysis
Photodegradation
Photoluminescence
Physical Chemistry
Rhodamine
Silver nitrate
Spectrum analysis
Synthesis
Ultraviolet radiation
Zirconium dioxide
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Summary:Ag/AgCl/ZrO 2 @Biochar composites were synthesized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectra, photoluminescence spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The photocatalytic degradation study was investigated against rhodamine B (Rh B) and methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. Results showed that the Ag/AgCl/ZrO 2 @Biochar retained the lumpy shape and a number of small and cubic Ag/AgCl particles covered the surface of composite, and the structure effectively inhibits the electron-hole recombination and promotes the photogenic electron transition. Meanwhile, the band gap of composite is less than the band of m-ZrO 2 . Ag/AgCl/ZrO 2 @Biochar significantly enhanced the degradation of Rh B and MO dyes under UV irradiation, and with the increase of the amount of AgNO 3 added on the synthesis, the degradation efficiency was enhanced. Compared with m-ZrO 2 , the developed composite of which 50 mL of AgNO 3 was added on the synthesis occupied the best photocatalytic activity. Meanwhile, this sample for Rh B and MO degradation exhibited the highest rate constant, which was 3.7 and 7.58 times more than m-ZrO 2 , respectively. After 5 cycles, the composite still exhibited activity for catalytic removal of Rh B. Radical trapping experiments suggested that superoxide radical ( ) and hole (h + ) were the main active species in the photocatalytic process. Moreover, a possible photocatalytic mechanism over Ag/AgCl/ZrO 2 @Biochar sample was proposed based on the experiment and theoretical analysis.
ISSN:0036-0244
1531-863X
DOI:10.1134/S0036024423040337