Treatment of Integrated Steel Plant Wastewater Using Conventional and Advanced Techniques

The integrated steel industry is considered as one of the important industrial sectors, and its outputs are inputs for other sectors including construction, engineering, medical and scientific equipment, and defence. Massive production, consumption, and export of steel signify a country's econo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clean : soil, air, water air, water, 2023-03, Vol.51 (3), p.n/a
Main Authors: Kumar, Manukonda Suresh, Gopinath, Ashitha, Ranjith, Nenthramkunnath, Ummar, Safar, Nidheesh, Puthiya Veetil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coking
coking wastewater
Contaminants
Electrochemistry
Integrated approach
Integrated iron and steel plants
integrated steel plants
Iron and steel industry
Medical equipment
Microorganisms
Oxidation
Pollutant load
Pollution load
Steel
Steel industry
Steel production
Toxicity
treatment
Wastewater treatment
Water discharge
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Summary:The integrated steel industry is considered as one of the important industrial sectors, and its outputs are inputs for other sectors including construction, engineering, medical and scientific equipment, and defence. Massive production, consumption, and export of steel signify a country's economic index. This review outlines the World's steel production quantities, the processes involved, and wastewater generation from the industry and its treatment. Wastewater generated from steel plants is highly complex and requires intensive treatment before discharge into natural water bodies. Technologies adopted for treating wastewater generated from steel industries are deliberated, focusing on coking wastewater treatment. Microbial mediated processes provide an effective means of degrading the contaminants, but the toxicity of certain compounds during higher pollutant load inhibits its further treatment. However, these processes can be integrated with either electrochemical technologies or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which can reduce the toxicity level. Hence, when a highly concentrated and complex mixture of contaminants is considered, an integrated approach is a resourceful option in terms of cost‐effectiveness and treatment efficiency. The integrated steel industry uses high quantities of water for the operation of their several units and generates wastewater, which is highly complex as it contains several contaminants. The generated wastewater has to be treated by advanced techniques before it can be reused in the industry itself or for discharging into nearby water bodies.
ISSN:1863-0650
1863-0669
DOI:10.1002/clen.202100169