Utility of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid fluorescence‐guided endoscopic biopsy for malignant mesothelioma in a cat and dog

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is uncommon in cats and dogs and can be challenging to diagnose. Adequate tissue sampling is required for superior diagnostic accuracy. Protoporphyrin IX, a metabolite of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid (5‐ALA), is a photosensitiser for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). To the best of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Australian veterinary journal 2023-03, Vol.101 (3), p.99-105
Main Authors: Osaki, T, Amaha, T, Murahata, Y, Sunden, Y, Iguchi, A, Harada, K, Tsujino, K, Murakami, K, Ishii, T, Takahashi, K, Ishizuka, M, Tanaka, T, Okamoto, Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aminolevulinic Acid
Animals
Biopsy
Biopsy - veterinary
Calretinin
Carboplatin
cat
Cat Diseases
Cats
Chemotherapy
Diagnosis
dog
Dog Diseases
Dogs
laparoscopy
Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma, Malignant - veterinary
Photosensitizing Agents
Protoporphyrin
Protoporphyrin IX
Respiratory failure
thoracoscopy
Veterinary medicine
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Summary:Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is uncommon in cats and dogs and can be challenging to diagnose. Adequate tissue sampling is required for superior diagnostic accuracy. Protoporphyrin IX, a metabolite of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid (5‐ALA), is a photosensitiser for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). To the best of our knowledge, no study has reported the use of 5‐ALA‐PDD to detect MM in veterinary medicine. The present study describes the use of 5‐ALA‐PDD for MM diagnosis in a cat and dog, as well as the effectiveness of intracavitary chemotherapy. We evaluated the use of PDD with 5‐ALA hydrochloride (5‐ALA‐PDD) in two cases of MM. A 12‐year‐old cat presented with a 1‐month history of respiratory distress, and a 9‐year‐old dog presented with a 3‐month history of mild abdominal distention. We endoscopically biopsied lesions in both the cases using 5‐ALA‐PDD. Histopathological examination revealed mesothelioma, and immunohistochemical staining was positive for calretinin. Both patients were treated with carboplatin. The cat died of respiratory failure. Although, the dog's condition improved 21 days after the first chemotherapeutic drug administration, the dog died on day 684 owing to cardiac‐related issues. 5‐ALA‐PDD is thus, safe and feasible for the diagnosis of MM in veterinary medicine.
ISSN:0005-0423
1751-0813
DOI:10.1111/avj.13224