Development of a Brain-machine Interface for Stroke Rehabilitation Using Event-related Desynchronization and Proprioceptive Feedback

We have developed a brain-machine interface (BMI) rehabilitation system for patients with stroke and motor paralysis, which provides proprioceptive feedback upon successful generation of motor-imagery (MI)-induced event-related desynchronization (ERD) and a decrease in mu band (8–13 Hz) activity der...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced Biomedical Engineering 2019, Vol.8, pp.53-59
Main Authors: Wada, Kenya, Ono, Yumie, Kurata, Masaya, Ito, Maho (Imanishi), Minakuchi, Marina (Tani), Kono, Masashi, Tominaga, Takanori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplifiers
Brain
brain-machine interface
EEG
Electroencephalography
event-related desynchronization
Exoskeleton
Exoskeletons
Feedback
Hand
Hand (anatomy)
Imagery
Intervention
Man-machine interfaces
Mental task performance
motor-imagery
Movement disorders
Paralysis
Portable computers
Proprioception
Recovery
Rehabilitation
Spasticity
Stroke
Synchronization
Tablet computers
Training
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Summary:We have developed a brain-machine interface (BMI) rehabilitation system for patients with stroke and motor paralysis, which provides proprioceptive feedback upon successful generation of motor-imagery (MI)-induced event-related desynchronization (ERD) and a decrease in mu band (8–13 Hz) activity derived from hand motor imagery. This system consists of an electroencephalogram (EEG) amplifier operated using the MATLAB Simulink software; a pneumatic robotic exoskeleton to provide proprioceptive feedback to the paralyzed hand; and a tablet computer placed over the paralyzed hand to display a hand-action movie to facilitate ERD generation. The EEG amplifier was connected and synchronized via the exoskeleton and tablet computer with an Arduino microcomputer. Nine patients in the subacute stage of recovery after stroke participated in a neurofeedback training experiment, which employed the aforementioned system. During the 4 weeks of this study, the participants received 2 weeks of BMI-based or control interventions in a random and counterbalanced order, in addition to their daily conventional physiotherapy. The control intervention consisted of the same MI training as the BMI-based intervention, but the exoskeleton always provided proprioceptive feedback regardless of the ERD strength. The ERD strength in the affected hemisphere showed a desirable increase with a significant improvement of finger joint spasticity, only after the DMB-based intervention period, and not after the control intervention period. The proposed neurofeedback training can help patients with stroke and movement disorders, because increased ERD strength may lead to recovery of motor function.
ISSN:2187-5219
2187-5219
DOI:10.14326/abe.8.53