Carrier control in Sn–Pb perovskites via 2D cation engineering for all-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved efficiency and stability

All-perovskite tandem solar cells are promising for achieving photovoltaics with power conversion efficiencies above the detailed balance limit of single-junction cells, while retaining the low cost, light weight and other advantages associated with metal halide perovskite photovoltaics. However, th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature energy 2022-07, Vol.7 (7), p.642-651
Main Authors: Tong, Jinhui, Jiang, Qi, Ferguson, Andrew J., Palmstrom, Axel F., Wang, Xiaoming, Hao, Ji, Dunfield, Sean P., Louks, Amy E., Harvey, Steven P., Li, Chongwen, Lu, Haipeng, France, Ryan M., Johnson, Samuel A., Zhang, Fei, Yang, Mengjin, Geisz, John F., McGehee, Michael D., Beard, Matthew C., Yan, Yanfa, Kuciauskas, Darius, Berry, Joseph J., Zhu, Kai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/301/299/946
639/638/298
Additives
Bulk density
Carrier density
Carrier lifetime
Cations
Economics and Management
Energy
Energy conversion efficiency
Energy Policy
Energy Storage
Energy Systems
Lead
Metal halides
Optoelectronics
Perovskites
Photonic band gaps
Photovoltaic cells
Photovoltaics
Recombination
Renewable and Green Energy
Solar cells
Stability
Thin films
Tin
Weight reduction
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Summary:All-perovskite tandem solar cells are promising for achieving photovoltaics with power conversion efficiencies above the detailed balance limit of single-junction cells, while retaining the low cost, light weight and other advantages associated with metal halide perovskite photovoltaics. However, the efficiency and stability of all-perovskite tandem cells are limited by the Sn–Pb-based narrow-bandgap perovskite cells. Here we show that the formation of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) structure (PEA) 2 GAPb 2 I 7 from additives based on mixed bulky organic cations phenethylammonium (PEA + ) and guanidinium (GA + ) provides critical defect control to substantially improve the structural and optoelectronic properties of the narrow-bandgap (1.25 eV) Sn–Pb perovskite thin films. This 2D additive engineering results in Sn–Pb-based absorbers with low dark carrier density (~1.3 × 10 14  cm −3 ), long bulk carrier lifetime (~9.2 μs) and low surface recombination velocity (~1.4 cm s −1 ), leading to 22.1%-efficient single-junction Sn–Pb perovskite cells and 25.5%-efficient all-perovskite two-terminal tandems with high photovoltage and long operational stability. Tong et al. form a 2D perovskite layer with two large organic cations to improve the structural and optoelectronic properties of Sn–Pb perovskites, and eventually the performance of single-junction and tandem solar cells.
ISSN:2058-7546
2058-7546
DOI:10.1038/s41560-022-01046-1