A review on behavior, material properties and finite element simulation of concrete tunnel linings under fire

•Tunnel fire characteristics/Fire Curves.•Behavior of concrete at elevated temperatures.•Thermal properties of concrete at elevated temperature.•Mechanical properties of concrete at elevated temperature.•Finite element modelling and input parameters for concrete tunnel fire. Rigorous understanding o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tunnelling and underground space technology 2022-08, Vol.126, p.104534, Article 104534
Main Authors: Saleheen, Zobaer, Krishnamoorthy, Renga Rao, Nadjai, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Behavior of concrete at elevated temperature
Cellulose
Computer simulation
Decarbonation
Dehydration
Finite element method
Fire curves
Fire exposure
Fire prevention
Fires
Heating rate
High temperature
Material properties
Mathematical models
Mechanical properties
Moisture effects
Numerical simulations of tunnel fire
Physiochemistry
Simulation
Spalling
Thermal properties
Tunnel fire
Tunnel linings
Tunnels
Underground construction
Vapor pressure
Vaporization
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Summary:•Tunnel fire characteristics/Fire Curves.•Behavior of concrete at elevated temperatures.•Thermal properties of concrete at elevated temperature.•Mechanical properties of concrete at elevated temperature.•Finite element modelling and input parameters for concrete tunnel fire. Rigorous understanding of tunnel fire attributes and behavior of concrete at elevated temperatures are indispensable for conducting a numerical simulation of tunnel linings exposed to fire. One of the main feats of tunnel fires is, unlike cellulose fires, temperature of these fires quickly ascends to its zenith, which is higher than conventional cellulose fire temperature. Higher peak temperature in conjunction with rapid heating rate causes spalling in the tunnel linings, which is triggered by excess vapor pressure in concrete pores generated from evaporation of moisture in concrete. Apart from vaporization of moisture, multiple simultaneous physiochemical processes (dehydration/hydration, desorption/sorption, α-β transformation of quartz, decarbonation) take place in concrete when it gets heated. Modelling of a tunnel fire using a commercial finite element tool without taking into account of these physiochemical processes and latent energy associated with the phase changes will result in inaccurate prediction of the results. Thus, the behavior of concrete tunnel liners in extreme fire conditions and relevant material parameters required for numerical simulation are presented in this paper.
ISSN:0886-7798
1878-4364
DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2022.104534