Unveiling the structure‐reactivity relationship involved in the reaction mechanism of the HCl‐catalyzed alkyl t‐butyl ethers thermal decomposition. A computational study

The gas‐phase thermal decomposition of a series of alkyl t‐butyl ethers catalyzed by hydrogen chloride is theoretically studied at the ωB97XD/6‐311++g(d)//CCSD(T)/6‐311++g(d) level. The experimental activation free energy for three known systems namely: t‐butyl methyl ether, t‐butyl ethyl ether, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of quantum chemistry 2022-07, Vol.122 (14), p.n/a
Main Authors: Cuesta, Sebastián A., Mora, José R., Meneses, Lorena M., Márquez, Edgar A., Flores‐Morales, Virginia, Rincón, Luis, Torres, Fernando J., Zambrano, Cesar H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemistry
Ethers
ethers decomposition
Free energy
Hydrogen chloride
Physical chemistry
Quantum physics
reaction mechanism
Reaction mechanisms
structure‐reactivity relationship
Thermal decomposition
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Summary:The gas‐phase thermal decomposition of a series of alkyl t‐butyl ethers catalyzed by hydrogen chloride is theoretically studied at the ωB97XD/6‐311++g(d)//CCSD(T)/6‐311++g(d) level. The experimental activation free energy for three known systems namely: t‐butyl methyl ether, t‐butyl ethyl ether, and t‐butyl isopropyl ether is used for validation of the proposed theoretical model as the transition state (TS). The chemical process was characterized using intrinsic reaction coordinate, reaction force, and reaction electronic flux profiles. The Cαδ+Oδ− polarization was identified as the determining factor in the rate‐limiting step. Upon functionalization on the Cα, 24 new compounds with different electron‐withdrawing and donating groups were studied. A good multiple‐linear correlation (R2 = 0.88) was found between the Ln(kX/kH) as the response variable and the Taft‐Topsom substituent parameters as attributes. This result supports the reliability and predictability of the proposed transition state model at this level of theory. The hydrogen chloride catalyzed gas‐phase thermal decomposition of alkyl t‐butyl ethers is elucidated at an atomic level. Activation parameters computed agree with reported experimental results. Then, a robust structure‐reactivity relationship model is built using four descriptors, that is, σR+, σR−, σα, and σF in a multiple linear regression approach. This linear free energy relationship (LFER) allows predicting the influence and reactivity of adding different substituents to the α‐carbon.
ISSN:0020-7608
1097-461X
DOI:10.1002/qua.26915