6G for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communications: Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities

We are on the cusp of a new era of connected autonomous vehicles with unprecedented user experiences, tremendously improved road safety and air quality, highly diverse transportation environments and use cases, and a plethora of advanced applications. Realizing this grand vision requires a significa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the IEEE 2022-06, Vol.110 (6), p.712-734
Main Authors: Noor-A-Rahim, Md, Liu, Zilong, Lee, Haeyoung, Khyam, Mohammad Omar, He, Jianhua, Pesch, Dirk, Moessner, Klaus, Saad, Walid, Poor, H. Vincent
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
6G mobile communication
Air quality
Algorithms
Autonomous aerial vehicles
Autonomous vehicles
Blockchain
Blockchains
brain-controlled vehicle (BCV)
Communication
Communications systems
Federated learning
Haptic interfaces
intelligent reflective surfaces (IRSs)
Intelligent transportation systems
Machine learning
machine learning (ML)
Network latency
NOMA
nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
quantum
radio frequency (RF)-visible light communication (VLC) vehicle-to-everything (V2X)
Satellites
Security
sixth-generation (6G)-V2X
tactile-V2X
terahertz (THz) communications
Traffic safety
unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV)/satelliteassisted V2X
User experience
Vehicle safety
Vehicle-to-everything
Vehicle-to-infrastructure
Vehicles
Visible light communication
Wireless communication
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Summary:We are on the cusp of a new era of connected autonomous vehicles with unprecedented user experiences, tremendously improved road safety and air quality, highly diverse transportation environments and use cases, and a plethora of advanced applications. Realizing this grand vision requires a significantly enhanced vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication network that should be extremely intelligent and capable of concurrently supporting hyperfast, ultrareliable, and low-latency massive information exchange. It is anticipated that the sixth-generation (6G) communication systems will fulfill these requirements of the next-generation V2X. In this article, we outline a series of key enabling technologies from a range of domains, such as new materials, algorithms, and system architectures. Aiming for truly intelligent transportation systems, we envision that machine learning (ML) will play an instrumental role in advanced vehicular communication and networking. To this end, we provide an overview of the recent advances of ML in 6G vehicular networks. To stimulate future research in this area, we discuss the strength, open challenges, maturity, and enhancing areas of these technologies.
ISSN:0018-9219
1558-2256
DOI:10.1109/JPROC.2022.3173031