Crystal Water‐Assisted Additional Capacity for Nickel Hydroxide Anode Materials

To further increase the energy density of rechargeable batteries to meet the rapidly growing needs of high‐energy consuming devices, various materials are tested as anode materials. Some of these newly developed anode materials exhibit anomalously high capacities that exceed their theoretical values...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced functional materials 2022-04, Vol.32 (17), p.n/a
Main Authors: Kim, Hyunwoo, Lee, Wontae, Choi, Woosung, Yun, Soyeong, Lee, Eunkang, Yoon, Won‐Sub
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anode material
Anodes
Conversion
conversion reaction
Crystals
Design factors
Electrode materials
extra capacity
Flux density
Hydroxides
Ion storage
ion storage mechanism
Lithium
lithium‐ion battery
Materials science
Nickel compounds
Reaction mechanisms
Rechargeable batteries
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Summary:To further increase the energy density of rechargeable batteries to meet the rapidly growing needs of high‐energy consuming devices, various materials are tested as anode materials. Some of these newly developed anode materials exhibit anomalously high capacities that exceed their theoretical values. Advanced analytical techniques have revealed that unconventional reaction mechanisms account for these extra capacities. However, despite the potential to take current battery technology development to the next level, research on the utilization of these reactions is currently limited. Herein, a new strategy is proposed to maximize the reaction of ‐OH components by using crystal water to increase the extra capacity obtained from the abnormal reactions of LiOH species. In addition to the LiOH phase formed by the conversion reaction of metal hydroxides, the H2O inside Ni(OH)2 crystals contributes to the formation of LiOH, which then reacts with lithium. As a result, water‐containing Ni(OH)2 exhibits greater reversible capacities than bare Ni(OH)2 and NiO, thereby confirming the beneficial effects of crystal water. This novel concept for the enhancement of electrochemical ion storage capacities through the introduction of crystal water to conversion‐based anode materials can expand the design factors for maximizing the available capacities of active materials. The direct participation of crystal water in the electrochemical reaction is demonstrated. In contrast to NiO where the conversion reaction is the main source of reversible capacity, the LiOH phase formed after the conversion reaction of Ni(OH)2 accommodates additional lithium ions. In addition, the crystal water inside α‐Ni(OH)2 reacts with lithium forming LiOH, which further contributes to the reversible capacity.
ISSN:1616-301X
1616-3028
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202110828