Effect of bridged DOPO/polyurethane nanocomposites on solar absorber coatings with reduced flammability

[Display omitted] •New flame retardant solar absorber paints were developed.•Technology utilizing bridged DOPO derivatives NED and PHED as fire retardants.•Coating formulations based on commercial polyurethane and black 444 pigments.•Demonstration of improved flame retardant properties by UL94 burni...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Solar energy 2022-01, Vol.231, p.104-114
Main Authors: Štirn, Ž., Čolović, M., Vasiljević, J., Šobak, M., Žitko, G., Čelan Korošin, N., Simončič, B., Jerman, I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorptance
Absorptivity
Additives
Aluminum
Bridge DOPO
Coatings
Composite materials
Emittance
Energy costs
Energy harvesting
Energy utilization
Flame retardancy
Flame retardants
Flammability
Households
Nanocomposites
Polyethylene
Polyethylenes
Polymers
Polyphenylene sulfides
Polyurethane
Polyurethane resins
Protective coatings
Residential energy
Rheological properties
Solar absorber paints
Solar energy
Solar energy absorbers
Stability analysis
Substrates
Sulfides
Thermal properties
Thermal stability
Thermodynamic properties
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Summary:[Display omitted] •New flame retardant solar absorber paints were developed.•Technology utilizing bridged DOPO derivatives NED and PHED as fire retardants.•Coating formulations based on commercial polyurethane and black 444 pigments.•Demonstration of improved flame retardant properties by UL94 burning test.•Demonstrating paint thermal stability on Aluminum and PPS substrates at 150 °C. In households, considerable costs are related to energy losses, which are a consequence of maintaining comfortable living temperatures. Improved isolation and utilization of energy harvesting devices is the key to reducing energy losses and the related costs. Polymeric solar absorbers are cost-effective solar energy harvesters that can significantly reduce the energy cost for individual households. One of the concerns related to polymers is their flammability. To mitigate the flammability risk, the present work explores the development of solar absorber paints with flame-retardant properties. Bridged 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives (NED and PHED) in concertation ranges of 10–15 wt% were used in a polyurethane-based matrix to demonstrate the effect of additives on the fire retardancy of the material. Additionally, the rheological and thermal properties of the composite materials were evaluated and described. Furthermore, aluminium and PPS (polyethylene sulphide) substrates were coated with solar absorber paint based on a 15% FR (fire retardant) additive formulation, for which the thermal stability at 150 °C for 655 h was evaluated. It was discovered that PHED is more compatible with the polyurethane matrix than NED, and as expected, a greater amount of FR additives resulted in improved flame retardancy. The long-term stability of absorber paint coatings on Al and PPS was also successfully confirmed by confirming stable solar absorptance and thermal emittance. In future prospects, we believe that the flame retardancy of polyurethane-based coatings could be further improved, and the utilization of covalently bonded FRs should also be considered.
ISSN:0038-092X
1471-1257
DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2021.11.046