The Effect of Phase Transformations During Electrom-Beam 3D-Printing and Post-Built Heat Treatment on Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Additively Manufactured High Nitrogen Cr–Mn Steel

The phase composition, plastic deformation and fracture micromechanisms of Fe–(25–26)Cr–(5–12)Mn–0.15C–0.55N (wt.%) high-nitrogen chromium-manganese steel, manufactured by electron-beam 3D-printing (additive manufacturing) and subjected to heat treatment (at a temperature of 1150°C followed by quenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Russian physics journal 2021-11, Vol.64 (7), p.1183-1190
Main Authors: Astafurova, E. G., Reunova, K. A., Astafurov, S. V., Panchenko, M. Yu, Melnikov, E. V., Moskvina, V. A., Maier, G. G., Rubtsov, V. E., Kolubaev, E. A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D printing
Additive manufacturing
Austenite
Austenitic stainless steels
Carbon
Chromium manganese steels
Condensed Matter Physics
Condensed-State Physics
Depletion
Electron beams
Ferrite
Founding
Hadrons
Heat treatment
Heavy Ions
Inhomogeneity
Iron compounds
Lasers
Manganese
Manganese steel
Manufacturing
Mathematical and Computational Physics
Mechanical properties
Nitrogen
Nuclear Physics
Optical Devices
Optics
Phase composition
Phase transitions
Photonics
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Plastic deformation
Raw materials
Solid phases
Solid solutions
Theoretical
Three dimensional printing
Work hardening
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Summary:The phase composition, plastic deformation and fracture micromechanisms of Fe–(25–26)Cr–(5–12)Mn–0.15C–0.55N (wt.%) high-nitrogen chromium-manganese steel, manufactured by electron-beam 3D-printing (additive manufacturing) and subjected to heat treatment (at a temperature of 1150°C followed by quenching), are studied. In order to identify the effect of the electron-beam 3D-printing process on the phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of high-nitrogen steel, the data obtained are compared with those for Fe–21Cr–22Mn–0.15C–0.53N austenitic steel (wt.%) formed by traditional methods (casting and heat treatment) and used as a material for additive manufacturing. It is experimentally observed that in the specimens formed by additive manufacturing, the depletion of the steel composition in manganese during the electron-beam 3D-printing and post-built heat treatment contributes to the formation of a macro- and microscopically inhomogeneous two-phase structure. The steel specimens contain irregularly shaped macroscopic regions with large ferrite grains or with a two-phase austenite-ferrite structure (microscopic inhomogeneity). Despite the change in the concentration of the basic elements (chromium and manganese) in additive manufacturing, there remains a high concentration of interstitial atoms (nitrogen and carbon). This contributes to a macroscopically heterogeneous distribution of interstitial atoms in the specimens – the formation of a supersaturated interstitial solid solution in the austenitic regions due to the low solubility of nitrogen and carbon in the ferrite regions. This inhomogeneous heterophase (ferrite-austenite) structure exhibits high strength properties, good ductility and work hardening, which are close to those of the specimens of the initial high-nitrogen austenitic steel used as the raw material for additive manufacturing.
ISSN:1064-8887
1573-9228
DOI:10.1007/s11182-021-02442-y