Understanding Differences in the Crystallization Kinetics between One‐Step Slot‐Die Coating and Spin Coating of MAPbI3 Using Multimodal In Situ Optical Spectroscopy

To develop a detailed understanding about halide perovskite processing from solution, the crystallization processes are investigated during spin coating and slot‐die coating of MAPbI3 at different evaporation rates by simultaneous in situ photoluminescence, light scattering, and absorption measureme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced optical materials 2021-11, Vol.9 (21), p.n/a
Main Authors: Schötz, Konstantin, Greve, Christopher, Langen, Arjan, Gorter, Harrie, Dogan, Ilker, Galagan, Yulia, Breemen, Albert J. J. M., Gelinck, Gerwin H., Herzig, Eva M., Panzer, Fabian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption
Crystallization
Evaporation rate
halide perovskites
Kinetics
light scattering
Materials science
Morphology
Optics
Perovskites
Photoluminescence
Slot dies
Solvents
Spectrum analysis
Spin coating
thin film formation
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Summary:To develop a detailed understanding about halide perovskite processing from solution, the crystallization processes are investigated during spin coating and slot‐die coating of MAPbI3 at different evaporation rates by simultaneous in situ photoluminescence, light scattering, and absorption measurements. Based on the time evolution of the optical parameters it is found that for both processing methods initially solvent‐complex‐structures form, followed by perovskite crystallization. The latter proceeds in two stages for spin coating, while for slot‐die coating only one perovskite crystallization phase occurs. For both processing methods, it is found that with increasing evaporation rates, the crystallization kinetics of the solvent‐complex structure and the perovskite crystallization remain constant on a relative time scale, whereas the duration of the second perovskite crystallization in spin coating increases. This second perovskite crystallization appears restricted due to differences in solvent‐complex phase morphologies from which the perovskite forms. The work emphasizes the importance of the exact precursor state properties on the perovskite formation. It further demonstrates that detailed analyses of multimodal optical in situ spectroscopy allows gaining a fundamental understanding of the crystallization processes that take place during solution processing of halide perovskites, independent from the specific processing method. Crystallization processes during spin coating and slot‐die coating of methylammonium lead iodide are investigated by measuring in parallel photoluminescence, light scattering, and optical density in situ. This allows analyzing the time evolution of solvent complex structures and of the perovskite. The latter depends on the morphology of the complex structures, which in turn evolve differently, depending on the processing method.
ISSN:2195-1071
2195-1071
DOI:10.1002/adom.202101161