UV–Vis Spectroscopy Applied in the Determination of the Degradation Time of Abelmoschus esculentus Moench Solution Used as Natural Flocculant

Coagulation and flocculation are two of the steps in the water treatment process in which chemical coagulants based on iron salts or aluminum are used. In order to replace the aluminum or to reduce the concentration of the metal, several natural alternatives to assist in the coagulation/flocculation...

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Published in:Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2021-09, Vol.232 (9), Article 368
Main Authors: Sala, Dominique Martins, Valderrama, Patrícia, Peron, Ana Paula, da Silva-Medeiros, Flávia Vieira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abelmoschus esculentus
Aluminium
Aluminum
Analytical methods
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Calcium
Calcium hydroxide
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Coagulants
Coagulation
Color removal
Colour
Degradation
Earth and Environmental Science
Efficiency
Environment
Environmental monitoring
Flocculants
Flocculation
Hydrogeology
Hydroxides
Iron constituents
Jar tests
Metal concentrations
Metals
Okra
Organic matter
Purification
Removal
Salts
Slaked lime
Soil Science & Conservation
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Test equipment
Testing equipment
Ultraviolet radiation
Water
Water Quality/Water Pollution
Water treatment
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Summary:Coagulation and flocculation are two of the steps in the water treatment process in which chemical coagulants based on iron salts or aluminum are used. In order to replace the aluminum or to reduce the concentration of the metal, several natural alternatives to assist in the coagulation/flocculation process have been evaluated, including the use of Abelmoschus escuentus Moench (okra) as a flocculating agent. To determine the degradation time of the okra solution, spectral measurements were performed on the UV–Vis region. The coagulation/flocculation tests were carried out in a jar test equipment, using aluminum polychoride as a coagulant, 1-mgL −1 okra solution as a flocculation aid, and the alkalinizing hydroxide of calcium. Through the spectral measurements and the test in the jar test, it was possible to verify that the solution of the okra remains stable only until the time of 24 h, and after this time, begins the degradation process of the constituents of the okra that promote the flocculation of it. In addition, satisfactory results were obtained in the treatment of water in 24 h, allowing the use of okra as flocculation aid and aluminum polychloride coagulant, as in effluent color removal, with an efficiency of 91 to 96%, and organic matter removal, with an efficiency of 92 to 93.5%.
ISSN:0049-6979
1573-2932
DOI:10.1007/s11270-021-05307-9