Fish diversity monitoring in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra using the eDNA with the next generation sequencing (NGS) technique

Abstract Various phenomena in nature and human activities have resulted in the loss of biodiversity, such as freshwater fish in Maninjau lake, West Sumatra, which has declined from year to year. A new method to monitor biodiversity quickly and efficiently is the NGS technique on environment DNA (eDN...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science 2021-07, Vol.819 (1), p.12045
Main Authors: Roesma, D I, Tjong, D H, Janra, M N, Aidil, D R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biodiversity
Biodiversity loss
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Fish
Freshwater fish
Freshwater lakes
Indigenous species
Monitoring
Next-generation sequencing
Tilapia
Water analysis
Water sampling
Wildlife conservation
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Summary:Abstract Various phenomena in nature and human activities have resulted in the loss of biodiversity, such as freshwater fish in Maninjau lake, West Sumatra, which has declined from year to year. A new method to monitor biodiversity quickly and efficiently is the NGS technique on environment DNA (eDNA). The study aimed to know the NGS technique’s ability and effectiveness to detect multiple species at one time from the water samples of Maninjau Lake. Water was taken from the surface as much as one L with two replications. The sequencing was used to identify species as shotgun metagenomic with universal primers. The results showed that 92 individuals were identified with 56 species from 24 genera, 16 families, and 12 orders. As much as 25% of fishes still cannot be grouped into the valid taxa (unclassified), which is allegedly related to the lack of available information database (NCBI) compared to the sequences obtained. NGS on the eDNA method detected two families (Cyprinidae and Cichlidae), three genera ( Oreochromis, Cyprinus , and Xiphophorus ), and two species of fish ( Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprinus carpio ) in Maninjau Lake, which were also previously reported using the conventional method. The native species were not detected in Maninjau lake by the eDNA method allegedly due to not being captured DNA from the collected water samples or the low DNA concentration, which cannot be continued to the PCR process. Thus, several efforts are needed to reduce the limitations in monitoring using the eDNA method to obtain the maximal results. The eDNA method can be a useful tool for monitoring biodiversity. The result can determine the conservation strategies, especially for the fishes in Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra.
ISSN:1755-1307
1755-1315
DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/819/1/012045