Perspective and application of modified electrode material technology in electrochemical voltammetric sensors for analysis and detection of illicit drugs

[Display omitted] The analysis of illicit drugs analysis is an important branch of modern forensic science with many legal and socially relevant implications in forensic investigations. In recent years, among all the techniques for analysis and detection of illicit drugs, electrochemical sensing tec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors and actuators. A. Physical. 2021-10, Vol.329, p.112821, Article 112821
Main Authors: Ren, Shufang, Zeng, Junling, Zheng, Zhixiang, Shi, Hongqiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Base metal
Carbonaceous materials
Carbonaceous nanomaterials
Chemical sensors
Conducting polymers
Conductive polymers
Drugs
Electrochemical sensor
Electrode materials
Electrodes
Forensic science
Forensic sciences
Hexacyanoferrates
Illicit drugs
Imines
Ionic liquids
Metal nanomaterials
Metal oxides
Metal phthalocyanines
Miniaturization
Modified electrodes
Polymers
R&D
Research & development
Sensing performance
Sensitivity
Sensors
Technology assessment
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Summary:[Display omitted] The analysis of illicit drugs analysis is an important branch of modern forensic science with many legal and socially relevant implications in forensic investigations. In recent years, among all the techniques for analysis and detection of illicit drugs, electrochemical sensing technique has become a rapidly developed analysis and detection technology due to its numerous advantages (e.g., high precision, high sensitivity, fast respondability, easy functioning, portability, capability of miniaturization and automation, etc.). The performance of employed electrodes determines the performance of the sensor. To this end, material technology of modified electrode plays an important role in enhancing the sensing performance. The limited use of (nano)materials and technology in the forensic practice has been evidenced by the inadequate number of studies published on modified electrodes. Here, we offer a comprehensive review on the material technology of modifying electrodes for analysis and detection of illicit drugs. Especially, the synthesis and applicability of diverse materials, such as carbonaceous materials, metal (nano)materials, metal oxide (nano)materials, magnetic (nano)materials, conductive polymers, Schiff bases, hexacyanoferrates, metallophthalocyanines, cucurbiturides, and ionic liquids for modified electrodes in illicit drugs sensing are described in detail along with the sensor performance of sensitivity, accuracy, limit of detection, stability, and practicability. At last, this review offers prospects for the future research and development needed for modified electrodes sensing technology for the detection of illicit drugs.
ISSN:0924-4247
1873-3069
DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2021.112821