The connection between urbanization and carbon emissions: a panel evidence from West Africa

This study examined the nexus between urbanization and carbon emissions in West Africa. Second-generation econometric techniques that are robust to cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity were used for the study. From the Pesaran–Yamagata homogeneity test, the slope coefficients were hete...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environment, development and sustainability development and sustainability, 2021-08, Vol.23 (8), p.11525-11552
Main Authors: Musah, Mohammed, Kong, Yusheng, Mensah, Isaac Adjei, Antwi, Stephen Kwadwo, Donkor, Mary
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bias
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide emissions
Causality
Cointegration analysis
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Economic development
Economic Geology
Economic Growth
Emissions
Energy consumption
Environment
Environmental Economics
Environmental Management
Heterogeneity
Homogeneity
Panels
Renewable energy
Second generation
Standard error of estimate
Sustainable Development
Time series
Urbanization
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:This study examined the nexus between urbanization and carbon emissions in West Africa. Second-generation econometric techniques that are robust to cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity were used for the study. From the Pesaran–Yamagata homogeneity test, the slope coefficients were heterogeneous in nature. Also, the Breusch–Pagan LM test, the Pesaran scaled LM test, bias-corrected LM test, Pesaran CD test and the Friedman’s test confirmed the studied panels to be cross-sectionally dependent. Further, the CADF and the CIPS unit root tests established the variables to be first-differenced stationary. Additionally, the Westerlund and Edgerton bootstrap cointegration test and the Pedroni residual cointegration test affirmed the series to be cointegrated in the long run. The Driscoll–Kraay standard errors regression estimator was employed to examine the long-run equilibrium relationship amid the series, and from the results, urbanization had a significantly positive influence on CO 2 emissions in all the three panels. Also, economic growth had a materially positive effect on CO 2 emissions, while renewable energy consumption had a substantially negative impact on CO 2 emissions in all the panels. The causal connections amid the series were finally explored through the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test, and the discoveries were a bit varied across the various panels. Policy recommendations are further discussed.
ISSN:1387-585X
1573-2975
DOI:10.1007/s10668-020-01124-y