A Self-Adaptive Measurement System for IGBT Collector Current Using Package Parasitics

Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) collector current measurement based on the package parasitics between the power emitter ( E ) and the Kelvin emitter ( E′ ) is a lossless and real-time monitoring method. A step to improve accuracy is to precisely match the time constant ( R f × C f ) of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982) 2021-08, Vol.68 (8), p.7545-7555
Main Authors: Zhu, Hongyue, Cheng, Xinhong, Ng, Wai Tung, Xu, Dawei, Li, Xinchang, Xia, Yifei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive systems
Automated time constant matching circuit
Circuits
Current measurement
Electric potential
Emitters
Field programmable gate arrays
Inductance
insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) collector current measurement
Insulated gate bipolar transistors
Integrated circuits
Kelvin
Low-pass filters
Mathematical analysis
Overcurrent
overcurrent protection
package parasitics
Polynomials
Programmable controllers
Radio frequency
Semiconductor devices
Step response
Time constant
Voltage
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Summary:Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) collector current measurement based on the package parasitics between the power emitter ( E ) and the Kelvin emitter ( E′ ) is a lossless and real-time monitoring method. A step to improve accuracy is to precisely match the time constant ( R f × C f ) of the measurement circuit against the package parasitics ( L EE′ / R EE′ ). This article proposes an automated time constant matching method to realize the tuning of R f × C f to L EE′ / R EE′ , and a detection circuit to continuously measure the IGBT collector current using the package parasitics. In the proposed method, the Miller plateau voltage is first sampled, and a polynomial curve fit is carried out to determine the fitting parameters associated with the IGBT collector current ( I C ). A programmable resistor R f is then adjusted automatically based on the step response of the readout voltage until the time constant is matched. A ratio between the readout voltage and a known I C is then calculated based on the Miller plateau voltage. The proposed system is verified using a field-programmable gate array controller and discrete components. Experimental results confirmed the functionality of the proposed method, showing that the readout voltage versus I C relationship has good agreement in the range of 0-165 A, with less than 3% error. The proposed method can also be used for overcurrent protection with a detection time of less than 0.7 μ s.
ISSN:0278-0046
1557-9948
DOI:10.1109/TIE.2020.3001853