Content of toxic metals and As in marine and freshwater fish species available for sale in EU supermarkets and health risk associated with its consumption

BACKGROUND The present study investigated Pb, Cd and As concentrations in canned tuna, tuna steak, rainbow trout, smoked mackerel, and Baltic and Atlantic cod, as well as Atlantic salmon. The aim was to spot check the quality of the most commonly purchased types of fish that are available for sale i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2021-05, Vol.101 (7), p.2818-2827
Main Authors: Jarosz‐Krzemińska, Elżbieta, Mikołajczyk, Natalia, Adamiec, Ewa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal tissues
Animals
Arsenic - analysis
Arsenic - metabolism
Cadmium
Cadmium - analysis
Cadmium - metabolism
Cod
Consumer Product Safety
Contamination
Dietary Exposure - analysis
Dolphins & porpoises
Dosage
dry ashing digestion
EU maximum levels
Europe
Fish
fish tissue
Fishes - classification
Fishes - metabolism
Food Contamination - analysis
Freshwater fish
Gadus morhua
health risk assessment
Health risks
Heavy metals
Humans
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Lead
Mackerel
Marine fish
Marine pollution
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metal concentrations
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
Muscles
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Poland
safe dietary intake
Salmo salar
Salmon
Seafood - analysis
Seafood - economics
Supermarkets
Thunnus albacares
Trout
Tuna
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
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Summary:BACKGROUND The present study investigated Pb, Cd and As concentrations in canned tuna, tuna steak, rainbow trout, smoked mackerel, and Baltic and Atlantic cod, as well as Atlantic salmon. The aim was to spot check the quality of the most commonly purchased types of fish that are available for sale in most common supermarket chains throughout the Poland, as well as to determine potentially less contaminated sources of fish available for retail. A dry ashing digestion protocol followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis was employed to achieve a better recover of heavy metals and As from fish muscle tissues. RESULTS The cumulative concentration of metals and As in fish muscle tissue decreases in order: farmed Atlantic salmon > mackerel > Baltic cod > rainbow trout > canned tuna fish > Atlantic cod > yellowfin tuna steak. It was found that canned tuna from Central and Eastern Pacific Ocean were more contaminated than tuna from East and West Indian Ocean, Baltic cod was significantly more contaminated than cod from North‐East Atlantic. Smoked mackerel from North‐East Pacific Ocean is three times more contaminated than mackerel from Northern North Sea. All fish, except for yellowfin tuna steak, should not be intended for retail because they exceed maximum levels for Cd and Pb. CONCLUSION Consuming only one serving (140 g) of Baltic cod exposes one to 51% of the daily acceptable Cd intake, while the same portion of canned tuna and smoked mackerel from the Pacific Ocean deliver 69% and 72% of this element respectively. The most cadmium is consumed with smoked mackerel from the North Sea, comprising as much as 162% of the daily acceptable dosage . © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
ISSN:0022-5142
1097-0010
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.10911