Teratogenic and developmental toxic effects of etridiazole on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

Etridiazole (EDZ), a thiadiazole-containing toxic chemical, is widely used as a fungicide. Regular usage of EDZ may reach and contaminate water bodies, but its adverse effects on aquatic vertebrates have not been well studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the harmful effects of EDZ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied biological chemistry 2020-12, Vol.63 (1), Article 80
Main Authors: Vasamsetti, Bala Murali Krishna, Kim, Nam-Seok, Chon, Kyongmi, Park, Hong-Hyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied Microbiology
Biological Techniques
Bioorganic Chemistry
Cardiovascular system
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Danio rerio
Edema
Embryos
Fertilization
Fungicides
Kyphosis
Morphology
Mortality
Pigmentation
Scoliosis
Teratogenicity
Thiadiazoles
Toxicity
Vertebrates
Water pollution
Yolk
Yolk sac
Zebrafish
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Summary:Etridiazole (EDZ), a thiadiazole-containing toxic chemical, is widely used as a fungicide. Regular usage of EDZ may reach and contaminate water bodies, but its adverse effects on aquatic vertebrates have not been well studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the harmful effects of EDZ using zebrafish (ZF) ( Danio rerio ) embryos. ZF embryos were treated with 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 mg/L of EDZ. Subsequently, mortality and developmental toxicities were quantified at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post fertilization (hpf). The results showed that embryo mortality was concentration- and time-dependent. The median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of EDZ at 96-h was 25.58 ± 1.49 mg/L. Besides, EDZ induced a series of morphological deformities, including abnormal somite formation, abnormal eye pigmentation, abnormal tail morphology, tail kinks, skeletal malformations (lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis), and yolk sac edema in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the deformities, the most significant were reduced heartbeat and increased incidence of pericardial edema. The median effective concentration (EC 50 ) of EDZ at 96-h was 17.93 ± 2.22 mg/L and the 96-h teratogenic index (TI) value was 1.52. Taken together, these results indicate that EDZ is a teratogen, and primarily affects the cardiovascular system of ZF.
ISSN:2468-0834
2468-0842
DOI:10.1186/s13765-020-00566-2