Hurdle Effect of Hot Air Impingement Drying and Surfactant-Sanitizer Wash on Removal of Listeria innocua from Fresh Apples

This study investigated the decontamination efficacy of washing treatments for whole fresh apples by using washes containing surfactants, lauric arginate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and Tween 20, combined with peracetic acid (PAA), followed by hot air impingement drying. Whole fresh apples of selected...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food protection 2020-09, Vol.83 (9), p.1488-1494
Main Authors: Pietrysiak, Ewa, Kummer, Julianne M, Hanrahan, Ines, Ganjyal, Girish M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air temperature
Apples
Bacteria
Colony Count, Microbial
Decontamination
Drying
Epidemics
Evaporation
Evaporation rate
Firmness
Food Handling
Food Microbiology
Food preservation
Food products
Food safety
Fruits
Heat
Impingement
Listeria
Listeria innocua
Malus
Microorganisms
Pathogens
Peracetic acid
Pollutants
Reduction
Sanitizers
Side effects
Sodium
Sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Sulfates
Surface-Active Agents - pharmacology
Surfactants
Temperature
Washing
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Summary:This study investigated the decontamination efficacy of washing treatments for whole fresh apples by using washes containing surfactants, lauric arginate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and Tween 20, combined with peracetic acid (PAA), followed by hot air impingement drying. Whole fresh apples of selected varieties (Gala and Granny Smith) were inoculated with Listeria innocua (7 log CFU/mL) by using a dipping method, and then dried and subjected to wash treatments with selected washing solutions (H2O, PAA, PAA-lauric arginate, PAA-sodium dodecyl sulfate, and PAA-Tween 20), followed by hot air impingement drying at two different temperature and time conditions, 93°C for 60 s or 121°C for 25 s. The H2O and PAA wash followed by hot air impingement drying led to a maximum 1.5-log reduction of L. innocua on the fruit surface. Adding surfactants increased the effectiveness of washing and drying treatments, resulting in an approximate 2.2-log reduction. Surfactants increased the spreadability and evaporation rate of the washing solutions. Posttreatment changes in apple firmness were assessed during a 21-day storage at 4 and 21°C. The hot air impingement drying had no adverse effect on the firmness of the apples and did not show any further reduction in L. innocua. Washing apples with solutions containing surfactants combined with PAA followed by hot air impingement drying helped to reduce the microbial loads to some extent and may help to reduce drying times significantly.
ISSN:0362-028X
1944-9097
DOI:10.4315/JFP-20-078