Skin manifestations of COVID‐19 in children: Part 3

Summary The current COVID‐19 pandemic is caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 coronavirus. The initial recognized symptoms were respiratory, sometimes culminating in severe respiratory distress requiring ventilation, and causing death in a percentage of those infected. As time has passed, other symptoms have be...

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Published in:	Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 2021-04, Vol.46 (3), p.462-472
Main Authors:	Andina, D., Belloni‐Fortina, A., Bodemer, C., Bonifazi, E., Chiriac, A., Colmenero, I., Diociaiuti, A., El‐Hachem, M., Fertitta, L., Gysel, D., Hernández‐Martín, A., Hubiche, T., Luca, C., Martos‐Cabrera, L., Maruani, A., Mazzotta, F., Akkaya, A. D., Casals, M., Ferrando, J., Grimalt, R., Grozdev, I., Kinsler, V., Morren, M. A., Munisami, M., Nanda, A., Novoa, M. P., Ott, H., Pasmans, S., Salavastru, C., Zawar, V., Torrelo, A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adolescent Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use Child Children Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - diagnosis COVID-19 - pathology COVID-19 Testing Dermatologic Agents - therapeutic use Dermatology Erythema Erythema multiforme Exanthema - drug therapy Exanthema - pathology Exanthema - virology Humans Life Sciences Mechanical ventilation Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome Nicolau Syndrome - drug therapy Nicolau Syndrome - pathology Nicolau Syndrome - virology Pandemics Pityriasis Rosea - pathology Pityriasis Rosea - virology Purpura - drug therapy Purpura - pathology Purpura - virology Review Reviews SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Skin Skin Diseases, Viral - drug therapy Skin Diseases, Viral - pathology Urticaria Urticaria - drug therapy Urticaria - pathology Urticaria - virology
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Summary:	Summary The current COVID‐19 pandemic is caused by the SARS‐CoV‐2 coronavirus. The initial recognized symptoms were respiratory, sometimes culminating in severe respiratory distress requiring ventilation, and causing death in a percentage of those infected. As time has passed, other symptoms have been recognized. The initial reports of cutaneous manifestations were from Italian dermatologists, probably because Italy was the first European country to be heavily affected by the pandemic. The overall clinical presentation, course and outcome of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in children differ from those in adults as do the cutaneous manifestations of childhood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19 in children after thorough and critical review of articles published in the literature and from the personal experience of a large panel of paediatric dermatologists in Europe. In Part 1, we discuss one of the first and most widespread cutaneous manifestations of COVID‐19, chilblain‐like lesions, and in Part 2 we expanded to other manifestations, including erythema multiforme, urticaria and Kawasaki disease‐like inflammatory multisystemic syndrome. In this part of the review, we discuss the histological findings of COVID‐19 manifestations, and the testing and management of infected children for both COVID‐19 and any other pre‐existing conditions. Click here for the corresponding questions to this CME article.
ISSN:	0307-6938 1365-2230