Improving stability and thermal properties of TiO2 nanofluids by supramolecular modification: high energy efficiency heat transfer medium for data center cooling system

•TiO2 nanofluids were successfully modified by supramolecular β-cyclodextrin.•Stability of high energy efficiency heat transfer nanofluids was studied.•Thermal conductivity of nanofluids has been enhanced.•Thermal diffusivity of nanofluids has been improved. As a hardware carrier for informatization...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of heat and mass transfer 2020-08, Vol.156, p.119735, Article 119735
Main Authors: Wang, Yixin, Zou, Changjun, Li, Wenjing, Zou, Yiduo, Huang, Hanxiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Computer centers
Cooling
Cooling systems
Data center cooling system
Data centers
Flux density
Heat flux
Heat transfer
Heating rate
Liquid cooling
Nanofluids
Nanoparticles
Particle size
Specific heat capacity
Stability
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Thermal management
Thermodynamic properties
TiO2 nanofluids
Titanium dioxide
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Summary:•TiO2 nanofluids were successfully modified by supramolecular β-cyclodextrin.•Stability of high energy efficiency heat transfer nanofluids was studied.•Thermal conductivity of nanofluids has been enhanced.•Thermal diffusivity of nanofluids has been improved. As a hardware carrier for informatization development, data centers will generate huge heat flux density during operation. Liquid cooling technology is considered as a thermal management method to solve this problem. The development of heat transfer fluids is of paramount importance. In this experiment, TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully modified by supramolecular β-CD, and the corresponding nanofluids were prepared by using the modified nanoparticles. The experimental results show that the nanofluids can be stabilized for more than 50 days, and the average particle diameter of the nanoparticles can be maintained at 38.9 nm after 50 days. At 60 °C, the thermal conductivity of the 0.1 vol% nanofluids is increased by 36.01% compared with the base fluid, and the thermal diffusivity is increased by 58.28%. At a heating rate of 10 °C/min, the average specific heat capacity of the nanofluids is 3.15 times of the air. These results indicate that the heat transfer fluid has tremendous heat transfer potential in data center cooling system applications.
ISSN:0017-9310
1879-2189
DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119735