Influence of the catalyst concentration on the chemical structure, the physical properties and the fire behavior of rigid polyisocyanurate foams

In this paper, the role of trimerization in polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams and its impact on the physical properties and the fire behavior is discussed. The degree of trimerization was systematically varied using different catalyst concentrations. The enhanced formation of isocyanurate structures thro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer degradation and stability 2020-07, Vol.177, p.109168, Article 109168
Main Authors: Lenz, Johannes, Pospiech, Doris, Paven, Maxime, Albach, Rolf W., Voit, Brigitte
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysts
Cone calorimeter
Cone calorimeters
Crosslinking
Crosslinking polymerization
Dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide
Fire resistance
Flame retardant
Foam
Foams
FTIR
Mechanical properties
Physical properties
Polyisocyanurate
Vertical flame spread
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Summary:In this paper, the role of trimerization in polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams and its impact on the physical properties and the fire behavior is discussed. The degree of trimerization was systematically varied using different catalyst concentrations. The enhanced formation of isocyanurate structures through higher catalyst concentrations leads to higher mechanical stability and improved fire behavior as measured by vertical flame spread according to DIN4102 and under forced flaming conditions in the cone calorimeter. A clear correlation between catalyst content, chemical structure of the foams (relative concentration of isocyanurate units representing crosslinking) and fire behavior is found. •A variety of halogen free, phosphorus-containing PIR foams with different amounts of catalyst was successfully prepared.•The influence of catalyst concentration on isocyanurate content, foam properties, and flame-retarding properties was verified.•Higher catalyst contents yielded higher isocyanurate contents and caused higher compression strength.•Higher isocyanurate contents in these foams yielded better flame retarding properties.
ISSN:0141-3910
1873-2321
DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109168