Al2O3‐Assisted Confinement Synthesis of Oxide/Carbon Hollow Composite Nanofibers and Application in Metal‐Ion Capacitors

Hollow micro‐/nanostructures are widely explored for energy applications due to their unique structural advantages. The synthesis of hollow structures generally involves a “top‐down” casting process based on hard or soft templates. Herein, a new and generic confinement strategy is developed to fabri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2020-08, Vol.16 (33), p.n/a
Main Authors: Mao, Zhifei, Wang, Huanwen, Chao, Dongliang, Wang, Rui, He, Beibei, Gong, Yansheng, Fan, Hong Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
atomic layer deposition
Atomic layer epitaxy
Capacitors
Carbon
Confinement
Flux density
hollow fibers
Lithium
Li‐ion capacitors
Metal oxides
Nanofibers
Nanotechnology
Nickel
Pyrolysis
tubular structures
Vanadium oxides
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Summary:Hollow micro‐/nanostructures are widely explored for energy applications due to their unique structural advantages. The synthesis of hollow structures generally involves a “top‐down” casting process based on hard or soft templates. Herein, a new and generic confinement strategy is developed to fabricate composite hollow fibers. A thin and homogeneous atomic‐layer‐deposition (ALD) Al2O3 layer is employed to confine the pyrolysis of precursor fibers, which transform into metal (or metal oxide)–carbon composite hollow fibers after removal of Al2O3. Because of the uniform coating by ALD, the resultant composite hollow fibers exhibit a hollow interior from heads to ends even if they are millimeter long. V, Fe, Co, and Ni‐based hollow nanofibers, demonstrating the versatility of this synthesis method, are successfully synthesized. Because of the carbon constituent, these composite fibers are particularly useful for energy applications. Herein, the as‐obtained hollow V2O3–C fiber membrane is employed as a freestanding and flexible electrode for lithium‐ion capacitor. The device shows an impressive energy density and a high power density. A thin and homogeneous atomic‐layer‐deposition Al2O3 layer is applied to confine the pyrolysis of precursor fibers, which transform into metal (or metal oxide)–carbon composite hollow fibers after removal of Al2O3. The obtained freestanding hollow fibers may have a wider application than the metal‐ion capacitor that is demonstrated in this article.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.202001950