NADES-based fractionation of biomass to produce raw material for the preparation of cellulose acetates

Waste biomass (agave bagasse) and native birch wood were used as raw materials for a novel fractionation and derivation process to produce cellulose acetates (CAs). During the first stage of the fractionation process, a significant amount of hemicelluloses and lignin were dissolved from the biomass...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2020-08, Vol.27 (12), p.6831-6848
Main Authors: Soto-Salcido, L. A., Anugwom, I., Ballinas-Casarrubias, L., Mänttäri, M., Kallioinen, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetates
Acetic acid
Acetylation
Bagasse
Biomass
Bioorganic Chemistry
Bleaching
Cellulose
Cellulose acetate
Ceramics
Chemical composition
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Choline
Composites
Derivation
Fractionation
Glass
Lactic acid
Natural Materials
Organic Chemistry
Original Research
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Raw materials
Solvents
Sustainable Development
Thermodynamic properties
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Summary:Waste biomass (agave bagasse) and native birch wood were used as raw materials for a novel fractionation and derivation process to produce cellulose acetates (CAs). During the first stage of the fractionation process, a significant amount of hemicelluloses and lignin were dissolved from the biomass using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) that consisted of a mixture of choline chloride and lactic acid with the molar ratio of 1:9. Then, the residual solid material was delignified by bleaching it with a mixture of acetic acid and sodium chlorite. The fractionation process generated differently purified pulps (celluloses) which were converted to CAs. The crystallinity index, polymerization degree, chemical composition, and thermal properties of the differently purified pulps and CAs were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of the acetylation process and to characterize the CAs. The chemical derivation of the differently purified cellulose samples generated CAs with different degrees of substitution (DSs). The more purified the cellulose sample was, the higher its DS was. Moreover, some differences were observed between the acetylation efficiencies of birch and agave bagasse. Typically, cellulose purified from birch by treating it with NADES followed by bleaching was acetylated more completely (DS = 2.94) than that derived from agave bagasse (DS = 2.45). These results revealed that using green solvents, such as NADES, to treat both agave bagasse (waste biomass) and birch wood, allowed pure fractions to be obtained from biomass, and thus, biomass could be valorized into products such as CAs, which present a wide range of applications.
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1007/s10570-020-03251-1