Evidence for Protein Leverage in Children and Adolescents with Obesity

Objective The aim of this study was to test the protein leverage hypothesis in a cohort of youth with obesity. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of youth with obesity attending a tertiary weight management service. Validated food questionnaires revealed total energy intake (TEI...

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Published in:Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2020-04, Vol.28 (4), p.822-829
Main Authors: Saner, Christoph, Tassoni, Daniella, Harcourt, Brooke E., Kao, Kung‐Ting, Alexander, Erin J., McCallum, Zoe, Olds, Timothy, Rowlands, Alex V., Burgner, David P., Simpson, Stephen J., Raubenheimer, David, Senior, Alistair M., Juonala, Markus, Sabin, Matthew A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Body fat
Carbohydrates
Child development
Children & youth
Disease control
Energy
Food
Hypotheses
Metabolism
Nutrition research
Obesity
Oils & fats
Proteins
Questionnaires
Software
Studies
Teenagers
Weight control
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Summary:Objective The aim of this study was to test the protein leverage hypothesis in a cohort of youth with obesity. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of youth with obesity attending a tertiary weight management service. Validated food questionnaires revealed total energy intake (TEI) and percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates (%EC), fats (%EF), and proteins (%EP). Individuals with a Goldberg cutoff ≥ 1.2 of the ratio of reported TEI to basal metabolic rate from fat‐free mass were included. A subgroup had accelerometer data. Statistics included modeling of percentage of energy from macronutrients and TEI, compositional data analysis to predict TEI from macronutrient ratios, and mixture models for sensitivity testing. Results A total of 137 of 203 participants were included (mean [SD] age 11.3 [2.7] years, 68 females, BMI z score 2.47 [0.27]). Mean TEI was 10,330 (2,728) kJ, mean %EC was 50.6% (6.1%), mean %EF was 31.6% (4.9%), and mean %EP was 18.4% (3.1%). The relationship between %EP and TEI followed a power function (L coefficient −0.48; P 
ISSN:1930-7381
1930-739X
DOI:10.1002/oby.22755