Chitooligosaccharide Biguanidine Alleviates Liver Injury and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Chitooligosaccharide biguanidine (COSG) is a derivative of chitooligosaccharide that has been proven to have antidiabetic activity. In this study, the therapeutic effects of COSG on liver injury and insulin resistance are evaluated, and the possible mechanism is explored. Streptozotocin‐induced diab...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Starch 2020-01, Vol.72 (1-2), p.n/a
Main Authors: Zhao, Liyan, Zheng, Qifang, Zou, Yalu, Wang, Yuanyuan, Wu, Yuntang, Liu, Xiaofei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AKT protein
Blood glucose
Catalase
chitooligosaccharide biguanidine
Degeneration
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Glucokinase
Glucose
Glucose transporter
glucose transporter 2
Glutathione
Glutathione peroxidase
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Insulin secretion
Kinases
Liver
Liver diseases
liver injury
Necrosis
Peroxidase
Signal transduction
Streptozocin
Substrates
Superoxide dismutase
type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Summary:Chitooligosaccharide biguanidine (COSG) is a derivative of chitooligosaccharide that has been proven to have antidiabetic activity. In this study, the therapeutic effects of COSG on liver injury and insulin resistance are evaluated, and the possible mechanism is explored. Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats are treated with COSG for 8 weeks. COSG treatment significantly increases the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and inhibits the activity of malonic dialdehyde. Histological observation reveals that COSG treatment also alleviates the probability of hepatocyte degeneration or necrosis. Furthermore, COSG treatment significantly activates the insulin receptor substrate‐2/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and increases the glucose transporter 2/glucokinase expressions, which regulates liver glucose conversion and insulin secretion, COSG treatment also inhibits the glucose‐6‐phosphatase/phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activations, resulting in a reduced level of blood glucose. Accordingly, COSG can protect against liver dysfunction caused by type 2 diabetes. Chitooligosaccharide biguanidine (COSG) significantly alleviates liver dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats. In detail, COSG inhibits liver injury through regulating the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, COSG relieves insulin resistance through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, which activates the glucose transporter 2/glucokinase pathway to regulate insulin secretion and inhibits the glucose‐6‐phosphatase/phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase pathway to reduce gluconeogenesis.
ISSN:0038-9056
1521-379X
DOI:10.1002/star.201900203