Autonomic nervous system regulates secretion of anti-inflammatory prohormone SMR1 from rat salivary glands

1 Department of Medicine and 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Alberta, Edmonton and 3 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Submitted 18 April 2008 ; accepted in final form 16 December 2008 The autonomic nervous system regulates the secretion...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology 2009-03, Vol.296 (3), p.C514-C524
Main Authors: Morris, K. E, St. Laurent, C. D, Hoeve, R. S, Forsythe, P, Suresh, M. R, Mathison, R. D, Befus, A. D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenergic beta-Agonists - pharmacology
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antibodies
Autonomic Nervous System - drug effects
Autonomic Nervous System - physiology
Autonomic Nervous System - surgery
Body fluids
Cholinergic Agonists - pharmacology
Female
Ganglionectomy
Glycosylation
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammation - prevention & control
Lung - metabolism
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Nervous system
Parotid Gland - metabolism
Peptides
Protein Precursors - blood
Protein Precursors - genetics
Protein Precursors - immunology
Protein Precursors - secretion
Protein Processing, Post-Translational - drug effects
Proteins
Rabbits
Rats
Rats, Inbred BN
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Salivary Glands - drug effects
Salivary Glands - innervation
Salivary Glands - secretion
Salivary Proteins and Peptides - blood
Salivary Proteins and Peptides - genetics
Salivary Proteins and Peptides - immunology
Salivary Proteins and Peptides - secretion
Salivation - drug effects
Studies
Time Factors
Urogenital System - metabolism
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Summary:1 Department of Medicine and 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Alberta, Edmonton and 3 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Submitted 18 April 2008 ; accepted in final form 16 December 2008 The autonomic nervous system regulates the secretion of bioactive proteins and peptides from salivary glands that can be important in systemic physiological responses. The prohormone submandibular rat-1, which is highly expressed in rat submandibular glands, can be cleaved to produce polypeptides with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Human genes related to submandibular rat-1 have conserved biological functions and are potentially important in pain suppression, erectile function, and inflammation. In this study we describe the differential expression and posttranslational modification of submandibular rat-1 protein in salivary glands, the urogenital tract, lung, blood, and saliva in male Sprague-Dawley and Brown Norway rats. Submandibular rat-1 protein is secreted into saliva after the administration of β-adrenergic or cholinergic agonists. Removal of the sympathetic ganglion that innervates the salivary glands results in increased levels of submandibular rat-1 protein in salivary glands. The secretion of submandibular rat-1 in response to physiological stress may provide a large pool of submandibular rat-1-derived peptide products that can promote analgesia and decrease inflammation locally and systemically. This pathway may be conserved among mammals and may constitute an important anti-inflammatory and analgesic response to stress. sympathetic nervous system; submandibular rat-1; saliva; submandibular gland; ganglionectomy Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. D. Befus, 550A Heritage Medical Research Ctr., Pulmonary Research Group, Dept. of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2S2 (e-mail: dean.befus{at}ualberta.ca )
ISSN:0363-6143
1522-1563
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00214.2008