The application of nanotechnology in enhancing immunotherapy for cancer treatment: current effects and perspective

Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response. Despite the impressive therapeutic potential of immunotherapy approaches...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanoscale 2019-10, Vol.11 (37), p.17157-17178
Main Authors: Li, Yongjiang, Ayala-Orozco, Ciceron, Rauta, Pradipta Ranjan, Krishnan, Sunil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Adjuvants, Immunologic - therapeutic use
Bioaccumulation
Cancer
Cancer Vaccines - therapeutic use
Drug Carriers - therapeutic use
Drug delivery systems
Humans
Immune system
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy - methods
Immunotherapy - trends
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - therapeutic use
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology - methods
Nanotechnology - trends
Neoplasms - therapy
Vaccines
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Summary:Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response. Despite the impressive therapeutic potential of immunotherapy approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines in pre-clinical and clinical applications, the effective response is limited by insufficient accumulation in tumor tissues and severe side-effects. Recent years have witnessed the rise of nanotechnology as a solution to improve these technical weaknesses due to its inherent biophysical properties and multifunctional modifying potential. In this review, we summarized and discussed the current status of nanoparticle-enhanced cancer immunotherapy strategies, including intensified delivery of tumor vaccines and immune adjuvants, immune checkpoint inhibitor vehicles, targeting capacity to tumor-draining lymph nodes and immune cells, triggered releasing and regulating specific tumor microenvironments, and adoptive cell therapy enhancement effects. Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response.
ISSN:2040-3364
2040-3372
2040-3372
DOI:10.1039/c9nr05371a