Cigarette smoke during lactation in rat female progeny: Late effects on endocannabinoid and dopaminergic systems

Maternal smoking is considered a risk factor for childhood obesity. In a rat model of tobacco exposure during breastfeeding, we previously reported hyperphagia, overweight, increased visceral fat and hyperleptinemia in adult female offspring. Obesity and eating disorders are associated with impairme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life sciences (1973) 2019-09, Vol.232, p.116575, Article 116575
Main Authors: Soares, P.N., Miranda, R.A., Peixoto, T.C., Caramez, F.A.H., Guarda, D.S., Manhães, A.C., de Oliveira, E., de Moura, E.G., Lisboa, P.C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
17β-Estradiol
Adipose tissue
Animals
Animals, Newborn
Arcuate nucleus
Biomarkers
Body weight
Breast feeding
Breastfeeding
Cannabinoids
Children
Cigarette smoke
Cigarette Smoking
Deregulation
Diglycerides
Disorders
Dopamine
Dopamine - metabolism
Dopamine D2 receptors
Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins - drug effects
Dopamine transporter
Dopaminergic Neurons - drug effects
Dopaminergic Neurons - physiology
Dopaminergic pathway
Eating
Eating disorders
Endocannabinoids
Endocannabinoids - metabolism
Endocannabinoids - physiology
Exposure
Female
Hyperphagia
Hypothalamic Area, Lateral - drug effects
Hypothalamic Area, Lateral - metabolism
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus (lateral)
Hypothalamus - metabolism
Lactation
Lactation - drug effects
Leptin
Leptin - metabolism
Lipase
Lipoprotein lipase
Lipoprotein Lipase - drug effects
Luteinizing hormone
Maternal Exposure - adverse effects
Metabolic programming
Neonates
Nicotiana
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Obesity - metabolism
Offspring
Overweight
Prefrontal cortex
Progeny
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Receptors, Cannabinoid - drug effects
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Rodents
Sex hormones
Smoke
Smoking
Tobacco
Tobacco Smoke Pollution - adverse effects
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Summary:Maternal smoking is considered a risk factor for childhood obesity. In a rat model of tobacco exposure during breastfeeding, we previously reported hyperphagia, overweight, increased visceral fat and hyperleptinemia in adult female offspring. Obesity and eating disorders are associated with impairment in the endocannabinoid (EC) and dopaminergic (DA) systems. Considering that women are prone to eating disorders, we hypothesize that adult female Wistar rats that were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) during the suckling period would develop EC and DA systems deregulation, possibly explaining the eating disorder in this model. To mimic maternal smoking, from postnatal day 3 to 21, dams and offspring were exposed to a smoking machine, 4×/day/1 h (CS group). Control animals were exposed to ambient air. Offspring were evaluated at 26 weeks of age. Concerning the EC system, the CS group had increased expression of diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and decreased in the liver. In the visceral adipose tissue, the EC receptor (CB1r) was decreased. Regarding the DA system, the CS group showed higher dopamine transporter (DAT) protein expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and lower DA receptor (D2r) in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). We also assessed the hypothalamic leptin signaling, which was shown to be unchanged. CS offspring showed decreased plasma 17β-estradiol. Neonatal CS exposure induces changes in some biomarkers of the EC and DA systems, which can partially explain the hyperphagia observed in female rats.
ISSN:0024-3205
1879-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116575