Three-dimensional phase field modelling of twin nucleation during directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon

•Three-dimensional phase field model considering twin nucleation.•The Euler angles are used for Initial grain orientations.•Twinning model for finding nucleation site and probability.•Simulated results consistent with the experiments. The development of grain structures during directional solidifica...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of crystal growth 2019-08, Vol.520, p.33-41
Main Authors: Jhang, J.W., Lan, C.W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Computer simulation
Crystal structure
Crystallinity
CSL
Directional solidification
Euler angles
Grain boundaries
Grain boundary
Grain boundary interaction
Grain orientation
Grooves
Modelling
Nucleation
Phase field model
Photovoltaic cells
Silicon
Solar cells
Three dimensional models
Twinning
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Summary:•Three-dimensional phase field model considering twin nucleation.•The Euler angles are used for Initial grain orientations.•Twinning model for finding nucleation site and probability.•Simulated results consistent with the experiments. The development of grain structures during directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) plays a crucial role in the materials quality for silicon solar cells. Three dimensional (3D) modelling of the grain boundary (GB) interaction and evolution based on phase fields by considering anisotropic GB energy and mobility for mc-Si has been developed recently. Here, we further consider twin nucleation at the tri-junction groove for the simulation. To compare with the experimental results, the initial seed orientations are described by the Euler angles. With the previous developed twinning model at the three-grain tri-junction and the T matrix for twinning, the simulated grain orientation and the resulted GB types are consistent with the experiments.
ISSN:0022-0248
1873-5002
DOI:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2019.05.018