Effect of groove distribution in shoulder on formation, macrostructures, and mechanical properties of pinless friction stir welding of 6061-O aluminum alloy

In order to enrich technological storage of pinless friction stir welding (PFSW), four kinds of shoulders with six grooves owning different shapes were designed and manufactured. PFSW experiments of 6061-O aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.2 mm were performed. The tool with smaller obliquity gr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of advanced manufacturing technology 2016-12, Vol.87 (9-12), p.3051-3058
Main Authors: Ji, S. D., Meng, X. C., Ma, L., Gao, S. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum alloys
Aluminum base alloys
Base metal
CAE) and Design
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD
Curvature
Engineering
Friction stir welding
Grooves
Heat affected zone
Industrial and Production Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical properties
Media Management
Original Article
Shoulder
Welded joints
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Summary:In order to enrich technological storage of pinless friction stir welding (PFSW), four kinds of shoulders with six grooves owning different shapes were designed and manufactured. PFSW experiments of 6061-O aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.2 mm were performed. The tool with smaller obliquity grooves easily results in the appearance of a kissing bond defect near the bottom of the nugget zone (NZ) owing to longer distance between the end of the groove and the center of the shoulder. Compared with the larger curvature grooves, the rational curvature and obliquity grooves are beneficial to attain a welding joint with small flashes. For the tool with through grooves, flashes also appear on the surface of the middle zone, besides advancing and retreating sides of the joint. Hardness values of NZ using four kinds of pinless tools are higher than base metal (BM) and the lowest value occurs in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). For the defect-free joints, the tensile specimens all fracture at the HAZ.
ISSN:0268-3768
1433-3015
DOI:10.1007/s00170-016-8734-x