Influence of Ionic Liquid-Based Metal–Organic Hybrid on Thermal Degradation, Flame Retardancy, and Smoke Suppression Properties of Epoxy Resin Composites

A new multifunctional ionic liquid-based metal–organic hybrid (PMAIL) was synthesized by anion exchange between as-synthesized phosphonate-based ionic liquid and phosphomolybdic acid and applied to epoxy resin (EP) as an efficient flame retardant. As expected, with only 1 wt% addition of PMAIL, the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials science 2018-07, Vol.53 (14), p.10135-10146
Main Authors: Xiao, Fei, Wu, Kun, Luo, Fubin, Yao, Sa, Lv, Maoping, Zou, Haimei, Lu, Mangeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anion exchanging
Burning rate
Catalysis
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Classical Mechanics
Combustion
Composite materials
Composites
Crystallography and Scattering Methods
Epoxy resins
Flame retardants
Flammability
Heat exchange
Heat release rate
Ionic liquids
Ions
Materials Science
Mechanical properties
Phosphomolybdic acid
Phosphonates
Polymer matrix composites
Polymer Sciences
Smoke
Solid Mechanics
Synthesis
Thermal degradation
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Summary:A new multifunctional ionic liquid-based metal–organic hybrid (PMAIL) was synthesized by anion exchange between as-synthesized phosphonate-based ionic liquid and phosphomolybdic acid and applied to epoxy resin (EP) as an efficient flame retardant. As expected, with only 1 wt% addition of PMAIL, the char yield of EP-PMAIL1 composite at 700 °C was significantly improved by 108.3% from 12.0% for neat epoxy resin to 25.0%, demonstrating the outstanding catalytic charring effect of PMAIL. Meanwhile, EP-PMAIL6 composite (6 wt% addition) can reach V-0 rating in the UL-94 vertical burning tests easily, and its peak heat release rate and total smoke production of EP-PMAIL6 were dropped by 31.0 and 15.4%, respectively, compared with neat EP. Moreover, the results from cone calorimetry tests showed that the char yield of EP-PMAIL6 was enhanced by 162% from 9.5 to 24.9% compared with neat EP, resulting in a strong intumescent char layer structure with outstanding fire retardance and mechanical properties. The thermo-oxidative stable protective layer retarded the transfer of heat and flammable volatiles during combustion and protected the epoxy matrix from further degradation. In conclusion, our results might provide a new perspective for producing composites with excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties using ionic liquid-based metal–organic hybrid.
ISSN:0022-2461
1573-4803
DOI:10.1007/s10853-018-2318-0