Cultivable hydrocarbon degrading bacteria have low phylogenetic diversity but highly versatile functional potential

Hydrocarbon (HC) pollution is a threat to the marine environment and bioremediation strategies based on microbial degradation have been developed for pollution clean-up. Effectiveness of bioaugmentation, i.e. the addition of suitable HC-degrading microorganisms to the polluted matrix, strongly depen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International biodeterioration & biodegradation 2019-08, Vol.142, p.43-51
Main Authors: Barbato, Marta, Mapelli, Francesca, Crotti, Elena, Daffonchio, Daniele, Borin, Sara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcanivorax
Bacteria
Bacterial diversity
Bioaugmentation
Biodegradation
Bioremediation
Contamination
Cultivation
Cultivation strategies
Enrichment
Environmental cleanup
Environmental degradation
Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria
Hydrocarbons
Inoculum
Marine bioremediation
Marine environment
Marine pollution
Marinobacter
Metabolism
Microbial degradation
Microorganisms
Phylogeny
Pollution
Pollution effects
Strains (organisms)
Versatility
Work capacity
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Summary:Hydrocarbon (HC) pollution is a threat to the marine environment and bioremediation strategies based on microbial degradation have been developed for pollution clean-up. Effectiveness of bioaugmentation, i.e. the addition of suitable HC-degrading microorganisms to the polluted matrix, strongly depends on the metabolic and physiological versatility of cultivable HC-degrading microorganisms and on their adaptation capacity. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of laboratory enrichment approaches to obtain cultivable HC-degrading bacteria having versatility breadth. Despite we used as inoculum marine samples of different origin and contamination history, and applied different enrichment strategies, we brought into culture 183 hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial strains strongly dominated by only the two genera Alcanivorax and Marinobacter. These isolates, screened for traits related to HC degradation, biostimulation and abiotic stress tolerance, demonstrated nevertheless to have a diverse functional potential, correlated to the adopted enrichment strategy. Although the obtained strains resulted phylogenetically similar, we showed that multiple cultivation approaches enhanced their metabolic diversification with potential benefits for bioaugmentation effectiveness. •Physiological diversity of microbial isolates is needed for bioagumentation set up.•Alcanivorax and Marinobacter are common isolates from HC contaminated environments.•Diverse hydrocarbon enrichment strategies select bacteria with functional versatility.
ISSN:0964-8305
1879-0208
DOI:10.1016/j.ibiod.2019.04.012