Quantification of imidacloprid toxicity to avocado thrips, Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), using a combined bioassay and ELISA approach

A competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique was evaluated for quantifying titres of imidacloprid in homogenates of leaf discs sampled from avocado plants treated with systemic applications of imidacloprid 240 g litre(-1)SC (Admire). Matrix effects were evident with undiluted le...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pest management science 2005-08, Vol.61 (8), p.754-758
Main Authors: Byrne, F.J, Toscano, N.C, Urena, A.A, Morse, J.G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
application rate
avocado thrips
avocados
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Assay - methods
Chemical control
Control
ELISA
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods
Enzymes
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
imidacloprid
Imidazoles - metabolism
Immunoassay
insect control
insect pests
Insecta
insecticidal properties
insecticide residues
Insecticides - metabolism
Leaves
Neonicotinoids
Nitro Compounds
Persea - metabolism
Persea americana
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
phytotoxicity
Plant Leaves - metabolism
plant pests
Protozoa. Invertebrates
Scirtothrips perseae
Toxicity
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Summary:A competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique was evaluated for quantifying titres of imidacloprid in homogenates of leaf discs sampled from avocado plants treated with systemic applications of imidacloprid 240 g litre(-1)SC (Admire). Matrix effects were evident with undiluted leaf tissue homogenates, but these were effectively eliminated by dilution of homogenates in water. In a field trial conducted in a commercial nursery, there was an excellent correlation between imidacloprid residues within leaves and avocado thrips (Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara) mortality. However, with subsequent sampling over a 2-month period, the relationship between mortality and apparent imidacloprid concentration became less robust, suggesting that the material was being degraded within the plant to non-toxic metabolites. Nevertheless, assessments of thrips mortality on leaves that had been recently treated with imidacloprid established a lower threshold of activity for imidacloprid residues of 6 ng cm(-2) leaf. Limitations on the use of ELISA to quantify the impact of systemic insecticides on pest populations are discussed.
ISSN:1526-498X
1526-4998
DOI:10.1002/ps.1052