Update on early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease by April 2018

Outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) have caused great economic losses to many shrimp‐producing countries in Asia since its first appearance in 2009. The causative agent was reported in 2013 as specific isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) that were later found to ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 2019-02, Vol.50 (1), p.5-17
Main Authors: Prachumwat, Anuphap, Taengchaiyaphum, Suparat, Mungkongwongsiri, Natthinee, Aldama‐Cano, Diva J., Flegel, Timothy W., Sritunyalucksana, Kallaya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease
binary toxin A/B
Cohorts
Decapoda
Diseases
early mortality syndrome
Economic impact
Economics
Epithelial cells
Genes
Hepatopancreas
Mortality
Necrosis
Outbreaks
Pathogens
Plasmids
Proteomics
Serotypes
Stomach
surveillance program
Toxins
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibriosis
Waterborne diseases
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Summary:Outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) have caused great economic losses to many shrimp‐producing countries in Asia since its first appearance in 2009. The causative agent was reported in 2013 as specific isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) that were later found to harbor a plasmid (pVA) encoding the Pir‐like binary toxin genes Pir vpA and Pir vpB. VPAHPND isolates colonize the shrimp stomach and release the binary toxins that cause massive sloughing of tubule epithelial cells followed by shrimp mortality. More recent information indicates that pVA plasmid and variants occur in many V. parahaemolyticus serotypes and also in other Vibrio species such as Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio harveyi, and Vibrio owensii. Information on such genomic and proteomic studies of different VPAHPND isolates from different countries are reviewed. A cohort study carried out in Thailand in 2014 indicated that AHPND outbreaks account for only a portion of the disease outbreaks reported by shrimp farmers as outbreaks of early mortality syndrome (EMS). It is recommended that a regional research network and surveillance program for newly emerging or re‐emerging pathogens be established to speed up the process of diagnosis and the implementation of coordinated control measures and to avoid a repeat of the EMS/AHPND scenario.
ISSN:0893-8849
1749-7345
DOI:10.1111/jwas.12559